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The [[Parliament of Packilvania]] ([[Packilvanian]]: ''luMijhalis luBas aBakhilfaniya'', also the Great Council of Packilvania) is the legislative branch of the [[Politics of Packilvania|government]] of [[Packilvania]]. It consists of the Legislative Council and the Consultative Assembly, the upper and lower house respectively. It was founded in 1680 during the reign of [[Saidun the Conqueror]], the first [[Sultan of Packilvania]] and ruler under the [[Demirite dynasty]]. It was abolished by the [[Packilvanian Communist Party]] in 1917 at the end of the First Packilvanian Civil War Sultana [[Zerah Demir IV]] and the Demirite dynasty was deposed. It was replaced by the National People's Congress which was abolished in 1985 at the end of the Second Packilvanian Civil War. The Parliament of Packilvania was subsequently reestablished by the [[Carriers of Mercy]]. Its powers and composition are defined by the Constitution of Packilvania. |
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[[Category:Packilvania]] |
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{{Infobox legislature|name=Parliament of Packilvania|leader2=Prince Ajhar a-Kiran Bedon|seats2_title=Seats of the Consultative Assembly|seats1_title=Seats of the Legislative Council|political_groups3=None|last_election1=Great Selection of the Consultative Assembly 2021|seats2=3,000 - 5,000|seats1=210 - 380|leader3=Prince Ulinod a-Alawadun Bedon|leader3_type=Chairman of the Legislative Council|leader2_type=Speaker of the Consultative Assembly|native_name=luMijhalis luBas aBakhilfaniya|leader1=[[Thumim V]]|leader1_type=[[Sultan of Packilvania|Monarch]]|disbanded=1914 [[Common Era calendar|CE]]|preceded_by=None|succeeded_by=National People's Congress (''luMijhlasmayan luDominishme ameShabil'')|foundation={{unbulleted list|First: 1710 [[Common Era calendar|CE]]|Reestablished: 1985 [[Common Era calendar|CE]]}}|term_limits=None|houses={{unbulleted list|Legislative Council|Consultative Assembly}}|house_type=Bicameral|next_election1=Great Selection of the Consultative Assembly 2022|logo=Coat of arms of Packilvania.png}} |
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{{Politics of Packilvania}} |
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The '''[[Parliament of Packilvania]]''' ([[Packilvanian language|Packilvanian]]: ''luMijhalis luBas aBakhilfaniya'') comprises the legislative branch of the government of [[Packilvania]]. The Parliament was first established by the [[Packilvania|Demir dynasty]] over 300 years ago, however it was disestablished in 1918 following the [[History of Packilvania#First Packilvanian Civil War|First Packilvanian Civil War]] and reestablished in 1985 following the [[History of Packilvania#Second Packilvanian Civil War|Second Packilvanian Civil War]]. It is established by the Constitution of Packilvania ([[Packilvanian language|Packilvanian]]: ''LuKhanongur aluBakhilfaniya''). It consists of 2 chambers: the upper house is the Legislative Council (Packilvanian: ''LuMijhalis aluKhanon'') and the lower house is the Consultative Assembly (Packilvania: ''LuMijhalis aluShrahan''). All members of the two bodies are appointed by the [[Sultan of Packilvania]]. |
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== History == |
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When [[Saidun the Conqueror]] defeated Uden II and abolished the [[Zubraynite dynasty]], he promised the [[Nobility of Packilvania|nobles of Packilvania]] that he would establish a Council whereby they could live in Bingol and advise him on the running of the country. In 1680, he created ''luMijhalis luBas'' which was a unicameral body. In the late 19th century, the body was referred to as the Parliament by the Staynish-language press. In the reign of Ishak V, there was a revolt by the merchant class and the educated elite to have official representation of their own. Thus, the Parliament was divided into two bodies, the Legislative Council which consisted of the aristocracy and the Consultative Assembly which was elected by the tax-paying and land-owning class. [[Gideon Muktan]] was elected to the Parliament. |
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{{Main|Legislative process of Packilvania}} |
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The [[legislative process of Packilvania]] is prescribed by the Constitution of Packilvania. The Constitution was passed by the Constituent Assembly of Packilvania in 1985 and consisted of representatives of the [[Carriers of Mercy]], the [[Magisterium of Paxism]], the [[nobility of Packilvania]] and defectors from the [[Packilvanian Communist Party]]. The Constitution is the supreme law of the land and laws must conform to the Constitution. The Constitution states that it can only be amended by a 3/4 majority of the both chambers of the Parliament of Packilvania, and the approval of the [[Sultan of Packilvania]]. |
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He propounded the teachings of [[Nikobar Luden]] on Communism. He established a caucus of solely [[Feline]] members called the Feline Club which broadly followed some variation of Communist principles. The Feline Club supported a Manifesto that was presented to [[Zerah Demir IV]] who rejected it and had them expelled from the Parliament. The regrouped as the Packilvanian Communist Party. Its members were banned from running for election to that body. It incited a revolution and managed to court the support of the Imperial Armed Forces which gave rise to a coup d'état. The Parliament was dissolved by edict and replaced with the National People's Congress. |
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The Constitution allows the government to create laws to add to the provisions of the Constitution. There are three laws as follows: |
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The National People's Congress consisted only of delegates of the Packilvanian Communist Party thereby establishing a one-party state. This body was largely a rubber-stamp body with little power to influence legislation. In reality, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress as well as the Political Bureau of the Packilvanian Communist Party (which often contained the same members) wielded ''de facto'' legislative power. The Standing Committee ordered the removal of [[Thawal Yaladir]] as the General Secretary in 1984 and ordered the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau and interim General Secretary to pursue negotiations with the [[Carriers of Mercy]]. When negotiations were concluded, the body's final acts was to grant independence to [[Tasselvalta]], to dissolve the Packilvanian Communist Party, to cede all legislative power to the Constituent Assembly of Packilvania and to appoint representatives to that body. |
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* Case law is created by the [[judiciary of Packilvania]]. Case law consists of the precedents set by the High Courts, Religious Appeals Courts and Supreme Court of Packilvania. Precedents are set by the prescription that no court can adjudicate a case in a way that contradicts how other previous cases were applied and interpreted in the past unless new laws were passed. |
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* Statute is passed by the [[Sultan of Packilvania]] and the Parliament of Packilvania. Usually, a government agency will draft a law, propose it to the [[Council of Ministers of Packilvania]], which will in turn propose it to the Parliament. The upper chamber of the Parliament known as the Legislative Council will vote on the law and submit accompanying comments. The Sultan will then choose to approve the law. |
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* Budgets are passed by the Parliament and the Sultan. They differ from statute in that both the approval of the Consultative Assembly and the Legislative Council are required for the annual budget to pass. |
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* Treaties are ratified by the Sultan without the approval of the Parliament. |
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* Decrees are passed by the Sultan and have the force of law. The Sultan is allowed to pass decrees on war, peace, treaties, foreign relations, appointment of bureaucratic, and judicial officials, composition of executive departments. |
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* [[Canon law of Paxism|Canon law]] is created by the [[Magisterium of Paxism]] through case law and through issuing bulls that are peer reviewed by other Magisters or through case law via Religious Appeals Courts. |
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* |
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The Constituent Assembly passed the Constitution of Packilvania which formally created the Parliament of Packilvania as it exists today. The first term of the body basically consisted of the same membership as the Constituent Assembly for five years until the body was selected according to the Constitution in 1990. The Constitution of Packilvania forbids the formation of political parties or their candidates participating in the Parliament. Unlike legislatures in other dictatorships, the Parliament does have substantial room to criticise the government (even if not publicly) because it consists of representatives of powerful constituencies. It acts as a forum for mediating the political forces of Packilvania and maintain an equilibrium of power and facilitating cooperation among the powerful political groups. |
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== Legislative Council == |
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The Legislative Council is the upper chamber of the Parliament of Packilvania. |
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== Powers and function == |
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The Parliament has the power to pass statutes. Statute is the highest form of law other than the constitution and is binding on the entire nation. The Sultan has the power to promulgate laws by granting [[Royal assent|imperial assent]]. The Sultan has not withheld imperial assent since the establishment of the rule of the [[Bedonite dynasty]] in 1985. This is largely because almost all laws are proposed by the executive branch of the government i.e., the [[Council of Ministers of Packilvania]]. In general, the Sultan and the Council tend to agree on legislation because the Sultan appoints the Council and directs the policy agenda of the government. |
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According to the Constitution the powers of the Legislative Council include the power to question Members of the [[Council of Ministers of Packilvania]] as well as other state officials on state matters, to pass non-binding recommendations and to discuss and debate national issues. In reality, its primary duty is to ensure that the Council of Ministers does not eclipse the Sultan on importance and power. Thus, it has acquired the duty to advise the Sultan on the formation of legislation. This includes reviewing draft proposals from the Council of Ministers on statutes for the Sultan to promulgate. Furthermore, it organizes public consultations on legislative proposals through holding public forums, inviting and reviewing memoranda, letters and reports from the public. In addition, it can launch commissions of inquiry into public affairs and submit them to the Sultan. In theory, it can pass a non-binding recommendation calling for the Sultan to dismiss the Prime Minister and the rest of the Council of Ministers. Often, it expresses its discontent with the Prime Minister by submitting a report to the Sultan outlining areas of concern without specifically recommending his removal. In reality it is the threat of a scathing recommendation that keeps the Council of Ministers in check. Executive interference is also prevented by the Council of Ministers being forbidden from acting in a way that would prejudice or impede the work of the Legislative Council. |
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Members of Parliament are technically allowed to propose laws if they have the support of other members. In practice, none of the members of Parliament who sit in the Consultative Assembly have ever successfully proposed a law. Of those who have proposed laws, they sit in the Legislative Council and tend to only be able to convince the other members to adopt the law if they have the backing of the executive branch. The [[Supreme Court of Packilvania]] has the power to strike down portions of or whole statutes that violate the Constitution of Packilvania. |
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=== Administration === |
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The Legislative Council typically uses the Legislative Council Building because the Palace of Parliament is usually rented out by the government as a venue for conferences, sports competitions and concerts. Furthermore, most of the Palace of Parliament consists of gathering spaces while the Legislative Council Building has offices for Councillors and their staff members. The Office of the Chairman of the Legislative Council is responsible for the day to day management of the Legislative Council including security, administration, facilities and upkeep. |
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Ordinarily statutes require a simple majority in the Legislative Council to pass. The constitution requires that the annual budget be passed by a simple majority in both the Legislative Council and Consultative Assembly. Treaties need to be domesticated into the [[law of Packilvania]] by being passed by the Legislative Council. However, unlike other laws, they do not require the Sultan of Packilvania to promulgate them because he signs the treaty before it reaches the Parliament. Amendments to the constitution require a two-thirds majority in the Legislative Council and the Consultative Assembly to pass. |
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=== Composition === |
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It consists of 210 to 380 members. Its members appointed by the Sultan. Unlike, the Consultative Assembly, all of its members are appointed directly by the Sultan. Most of the members have served since the ascension of the Bedonite dynasty. Some members date their legislative careers to the National People’s Assembly of the Packilvanian Communist Party. They were appointed to their posts because they defected and supported the [[Bedonite dynasty]]'s take over of the country. The Legislative Council has two sessions: from mid-March to mid June and from mid-June to mid-November. |
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Each house of the Parliament may also adopt resolutions by simple majority. Resolutions are non-binding and they state the opinion of the relevant house on a particular issue or represent a non-binding recommendation to the government. The Legislative Council (or a committee to which it has delegated requisite powers) has the power to issue summons to government officials and subpoena documents from the executive branch. In practice, questions of executive officials are done in closed sessions or in writing. The Legislative Council or one of its committees can publish a report on an investigation or set up a body to conduct an investigation on a governmental matter. The recommendations of these investigations are not binding or enforceable however the evidence can be used by the [[Law enforcement in Packilvania|law enforcement agencies of Packilvania]] in a case. |
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Among its members are the Permanent Representatives of [[Religion in Packilvania|Minority Religions]] nominated by Recognised Religious Authorities, the Permanent Councillors of the [[Magisterium of Paxism]] in Packilvania nominated by the College of Great Magisters who are Packilvanian citizens, Permanent Representatives of the [[Packilvanian Armed Forces]] nominated by the Chief of Defence Staff, a Permanent Representative of the [[Packilvanian State Security Agency]] nominated by the Director of the PSSA, Permanent Representatives of the [[Judiciary of Packilvania]] appointed by the Chief Justice, Special Representatives of the Academic Community nominated by the Association of Packilvanian Universities, Permanent Representatives of the Packilvanian Police Services nominated by the National Commissioner of Police, the Permanent Representative of the Packilvanian Central Bank appointed by its Governor as well as Special Representatives of the Provincial Governments nominated by the Governors of each province. These are not the only members as the Sultan can appoint anyone he pleases. |
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== Composition == |
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The Consultative Assembly consists of approximately 3,000 to 5,000 people. It meets once a year over a week-long period. It consists of citizens selected by lottery. The Members of Parliament who sit in the Consultative Assembly are required to be Packilvanian citizens between the ages of 25 and 65. They must not have had a criminal record or their record should have been expunged. Most members are [[Paxism|Paxists]] by default but some seats are set aside for [[Religion in Packilvania|religious minorities]]. Citizens who reside in other countries on a full-time basis are generally not invited or expected to attend. Prospective members are normally told at least a year in advance that they have been selected and they have 6 months to signal that they cannot attend. Attendance is mandatory and the government normally makes arrangements for delegates to participate. At least 30% of the members are required to be women and at least 30% are required to be below the age of 35 years old. |
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The Consultative Assembly is the lower house of the Parliament of Packilvania. |
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Seats in the Legislative Council are awarded to constituencies every 5 years as follows: |
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=== Powers and duties === |
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The Consultative Assembly is an annual conference of Delegates appointed by the Sultan indirectly via the terms and stipulations of the Decree on the Composition of the Consultative Assembly. Its purpose is to act as a forum for representatives of various entities and social groups to discuss important national issues. Arising from this, the Consultative Assembly has the power to issue non-binding recommendations to the Sultan. Most of its work is done in smaller groups called Committees which are often divided into smaller Sub-Committees focusing on different topics. The only time that the Consultative Assembly meets as a Plenary is on one day to hear the annual Speech from the Throne. Due to the difficulty of organizing and running such a large gathering, the members are known well in advance and the resolutions are discussed and prepared in working groups by state-run and non-state organizations months in advance. |
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* The Provincial Legislatures appoint 20 delegates and the Autonomous City Legislatures appoint 10 delegates each. |
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=== Administration === |
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* |
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The Consultative Assembly does not have its own secretariat. Instead, the Minister in the Office of the Premier for Parliamentary Affairs is responsible for organizing the logistics of the annual bi-weekly session of the Consultative Assembly. They are also responsible for sending invitations to and keeping an up to date record of eligible members. They also settle disputes regarding the proper representation for the event. Delegates of the Consultative Assembly do not get a salary. Instead flight, accommodation and food expenses for the duration of the session are paid for by the government. Furthermore, the upkeep of the Palace of Parliament as well as resources such as ceremonial uniforms and the Parliamentary Mace in maintained by the Minister in the Office of the Premier for Parliamentary Affairs. |
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* |
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* The Council of the Great Magisters of the [[Magisterium of Paxism]] appoints 10 delegates. |
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* The Council of Chiefs of Staff of the [[Packilvanian Armed Forces]] appoints 5 delegates |
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* The Supreme Council of the Imperial Procuratorate appoints 5 delegates. |
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* The Director of each of the 5 [[intelligence agencies of Packilvania]] appoints 1 delegate each. |
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* The Sultan of Packilvania appoints 20 Princes of the [[Bedonite dynasty]]. |
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== Building == |
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It typically consists of between 3,000 and 5,000 members. They are all appointed by the Sultan. In practice, the process of selecting members to this body is too complex and time consuming for the Sultan to appoint each member individually. Thus, in practice the Decree on the Composition of the Consultative Assembly sets out parameters for the appointment of delegates to the Assembly. This process is called the Great Selection of the Consultative Assembly and it is coordinate by the Division of Parliamentary Affairs in the Office of the Prime Minister. |
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According to the aforementioned Decree, the Consultative Assembly shall consist of the following: |
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# All the of the Great Magisters and High Magisters of the Magisterium as well as 200 delegates elected by the annual Conference of Senior Magisters |
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# |
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# All the Governors of the Provinces of Packilvania |
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# All the Ministers in the Council of Ministers of Packilvania |
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# 10 delegates from each of the minority religions as appointed by their Recognised Religious Authority. |
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# All of the senior military officials of the Packilvanian Armed Forces as stipulated by Annexure C of the Decree. |
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# All of the senior members of the Packilvanian State Security Agency as determined by Annexure D of the Decree |
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# All of the Vice Chancellors of the Provincial and National Universities |
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# All the Mayors of the top 100 largest cities in Packilvania by population |
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#All the National and Provincial Commissioners of Police |
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#The Directors of Special Government Agencies as stipulated by Rules and Regulations issued by the Prime Minister in terms of the Decree on the Composition of the Consultative Assembly |
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#The Chief Executive Officers of the State Owned Entities. |
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# |
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Revision as of 13:57, 17 September 2023
The Parliament of Packilvania (Packilvanian: luMijhalis luBas aBakhilfaniya, also the Great Council of Packilvania) is the legislative branch of the government of Packilvania. It consists of the Legislative Council and the Consultative Assembly, the upper and lower house respectively. It was founded in 1680 during the reign of Saidun the Conqueror, the first Sultan of Packilvania and ruler under the Demirite dynasty. It was abolished by the Packilvanian Communist Party in 1917 at the end of the First Packilvanian Civil War Sultana Zerah Demir IV and the Demirite dynasty was deposed. It was replaced by the National People's Congress which was abolished in 1985 at the end of the Second Packilvanian Civil War. The Parliament of Packilvania was subsequently reestablished by the Carriers of Mercy. Its powers and composition are defined by the Constitution of Packilvania.
History
When Saidun the Conqueror defeated Uden II and abolished the Zubraynite dynasty, he promised the nobles of Packilvania that he would establish a Council whereby they could live in Bingol and advise him on the running of the country. In 1680, he created luMijhalis luBas which was a unicameral body. In the late 19th century, the body was referred to as the Parliament by the Staynish-language press. In the reign of Ishak V, there was a revolt by the merchant class and the educated elite to have official representation of their own. Thus, the Parliament was divided into two bodies, the Legislative Council which consisted of the aristocracy and the Consultative Assembly which was elected by the tax-paying and land-owning class. Gideon Muktan was elected to the Parliament.
He propounded the teachings of Nikobar Luden on Communism. He established a caucus of solely Feline members called the Feline Club which broadly followed some variation of Communist principles. The Feline Club supported a Manifesto that was presented to Zerah Demir IV who rejected it and had them expelled from the Parliament. The regrouped as the Packilvanian Communist Party. Its members were banned from running for election to that body. It incited a revolution and managed to court the support of the Imperial Armed Forces which gave rise to a coup d'état. The Parliament was dissolved by edict and replaced with the National People's Congress.
The National People's Congress consisted only of delegates of the Packilvanian Communist Party thereby establishing a one-party state. This body was largely a rubber-stamp body with little power to influence legislation. In reality, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress as well as the Political Bureau of the Packilvanian Communist Party (which often contained the same members) wielded de facto legislative power. The Standing Committee ordered the removal of Thawal Yaladir as the General Secretary in 1984 and ordered the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau and interim General Secretary to pursue negotiations with the Carriers of Mercy. When negotiations were concluded, the body's final acts was to grant independence to Tasselvalta, to dissolve the Packilvanian Communist Party, to cede all legislative power to the Constituent Assembly of Packilvania and to appoint representatives to that body.
The Constituent Assembly passed the Constitution of Packilvania which formally created the Parliament of Packilvania as it exists today. The first term of the body basically consisted of the same membership as the Constituent Assembly for five years until the body was selected according to the Constitution in 1990. The Constitution of Packilvania forbids the formation of political parties or their candidates participating in the Parliament. Unlike legislatures in other dictatorships, the Parliament does have substantial room to criticise the government (even if not publicly) because it consists of representatives of powerful constituencies. It acts as a forum for mediating the political forces of Packilvania and maintain an equilibrium of power and facilitating cooperation among the powerful political groups.
Powers and function
The Parliament has the power to pass statutes. Statute is the highest form of law other than the constitution and is binding on the entire nation. The Sultan has the power to promulgate laws by granting imperial assent. The Sultan has not withheld imperial assent since the establishment of the rule of the Bedonite dynasty in 1985. This is largely because almost all laws are proposed by the executive branch of the government i.e., the Council of Ministers of Packilvania. In general, the Sultan and the Council tend to agree on legislation because the Sultan appoints the Council and directs the policy agenda of the government.
Members of Parliament are technically allowed to propose laws if they have the support of other members. In practice, none of the members of Parliament who sit in the Consultative Assembly have ever successfully proposed a law. Of those who have proposed laws, they sit in the Legislative Council and tend to only be able to convince the other members to adopt the law if they have the backing of the executive branch. The Supreme Court of Packilvania has the power to strike down portions of or whole statutes that violate the Constitution of Packilvania.
Ordinarily statutes require a simple majority in the Legislative Council to pass. The constitution requires that the annual budget be passed by a simple majority in both the Legislative Council and Consultative Assembly. Treaties need to be domesticated into the law of Packilvania by being passed by the Legislative Council. However, unlike other laws, they do not require the Sultan of Packilvania to promulgate them because he signs the treaty before it reaches the Parliament. Amendments to the constitution require a two-thirds majority in the Legislative Council and the Consultative Assembly to pass.
Each house of the Parliament may also adopt resolutions by simple majority. Resolutions are non-binding and they state the opinion of the relevant house on a particular issue or represent a non-binding recommendation to the government. The Legislative Council (or a committee to which it has delegated requisite powers) has the power to issue summons to government officials and subpoena documents from the executive branch. In practice, questions of executive officials are done in closed sessions or in writing. The Legislative Council or one of its committees can publish a report on an investigation or set up a body to conduct an investigation on a governmental matter. The recommendations of these investigations are not binding or enforceable however the evidence can be used by the law enforcement agencies of Packilvania in a case.
Composition
The Consultative Assembly consists of approximately 3,000 to 5,000 people. It meets once a year over a week-long period. It consists of citizens selected by lottery. The Members of Parliament who sit in the Consultative Assembly are required to be Packilvanian citizens between the ages of 25 and 65. They must not have had a criminal record or their record should have been expunged. Most members are Paxists by default but some seats are set aside for religious minorities. Citizens who reside in other countries on a full-time basis are generally not invited or expected to attend. Prospective members are normally told at least a year in advance that they have been selected and they have 6 months to signal that they cannot attend. Attendance is mandatory and the government normally makes arrangements for delegates to participate. At least 30% of the members are required to be women and at least 30% are required to be below the age of 35 years old.
Seats in the Legislative Council are awarded to constituencies every 5 years as follows:
- The Provincial Legislatures appoint 20 delegates and the Autonomous City Legislatures appoint 10 delegates each.
- The Council of the Great Magisters of the Magisterium of Paxism appoints 10 delegates.
- The Council of Chiefs of Staff of the Packilvanian Armed Forces appoints 5 delegates
- The Supreme Court of Packilvania appoints 5 delegates from the judiciary of Packilvania.
- The Supreme Council of the Imperial Procuratorate appoints 5 delegates.
- The Director of each of the 5 intelligence agencies of Packilvania appoints 1 delegate each.
- The Sultan of Packilvania appoints 20 Princes of the Bedonite dynasty.