Zeibear: Difference between revisions

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|[s]s
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|[ʒ] j
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|[x ] h
|[x ] h
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| colspan="2" |marṣe
| colspan="2" |marśe
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|to walk
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|ślah
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| colspan="2" |śwac
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|śeiv
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| colspan="2" |difiṣil
| colspan="2" |difiśil
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|ordiñuś
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Revision as of 09:41, 27 September 2021

Zeibear is the official language of Zeiberland and is spoken by over 17 million native speakers and over 8 million non native speakers.

Phonology

Vowels

VOWELS Front Central Back
Close [i]i [y]u [u:]ū
Mid [ɛ]e [ɐ ~ a/ɒ]a [ɔ]ō
Open [æ]æ [ɒ]o
Dipthongs [aɪ] ai [eɪ] ei [ɪə]ea [ou]ou [ɔi] oi [au]au [ɪə]ia

Consonants

CONSONANTS labial Alveodental Alveopalatal Velar Glottal
Plosive [p]p [b]b [t]t [d]d [k]k [ɡ]g [ʔ]'
Nasal [m]m [n]n [ŋ]ñ
Fricative [f]f [v]v [s]s [z]z [ʃ]ś [ʒ] j [x ] h
Approximant [w]w [l]l [j]y
Rhotics [r ~ ɹ ~ ʀ]r
Affricate [ts] [tʃ ~ tɕ] c

Phonotactics

1. Syllable structure CCVʔVCC

C = consonant V = all vowels and dipthongs ʔ = glottal stop

2. Glottal stops can only occur between vowels

3.  [x] and [ʔ] never cluster.

4. [i] can be nasalised if it is followed by [ŋ]. [ɒ],[æ] are nasalised sometimes if followed by a nasal consonant.

5. Only plosives and nasals germinate and germination is fairly rare.

Orthography

Grammar

1. Word order

SVO, strictly

2. Grammatical number

Singular and Plural

A noun may be pluralised by adding the following at the end. s, z, ez or es depending on the end of the word.

3. Grammatical Gender

There is an animate/inanimate distinction and every noun is divided into these two genders.

Articles

Articles in Zeibear
Before consonants
Singlular Plural
Indefinite yu yel
Definite je le
Partitif del
Before vowels
Indefinite y' yel
Definite j' l'
Partitif del

Pronouns

Pronouns
Subjective pronouns: Objective pronouns Possesive pronouns(sing nouns) Possesive pronouns(plural nouns)
Singular Plural       Singular Plural       Singular Plural         Singular Plural
1st person ma nū(inc) nous(excl)   moi noi(inc) nois(excl)     mon nūn(inc) nons(excl) mes nūs(inc) nos(excl)
2nd person ta(normal)   ta'i(respect) toi(normal) to'i(respect) voi tan(nromal) to'an(repect) von tas(nromal) to'as(repect) vos
3rd inanimate fi sun fea sund fil zun filz zund
3rd animate shi sun shea sund shil zun shilz zund
    impersonalised         n/a ona n/a ond n/a owa n/a oha
Subjective, Objective and Possesive are the only pronoun cases         Possesive pronouns change depending on the number of nouns
3rd person sing is split into inaminate and animate eg- My car - Mon voishur My cars - Mes voishurs
Stress pronouns
Pronoun Before -ir verbs Before imperative
1st per sing mu -
1st per plu incl nu nuj
1st per plu excl nuh nuś
2nd per sing tu tuj
2nd per plu vu vuj
3rd per sing śu -
3rd person plu su -
impersonalised ñu ñūj

Verbs

Modality is conveyed through modals

All verb stems in Zeibear end on:
-ōn/-on These are informally known as (GRP 1 verbs)
-e These are informally known as (GRP 2 verbs)
-ir These are reflexive verbs
-eh These are the modals and auxiliary verbs

Conjugation

Each group conjugates in its own way. There are four irregular verbs- se, avōn, gōn, fōn. (they all conjugate in the same way except the imperatives and simple past)

Imperatives and all -ir verbs have a stress pronoun preceding the verb.

The pase resont (recent past) is vian + verb in simple past

Infinitive Simple present Present continous         Simple past Past habitual Past perfect     Past continous       Simple future     Future continous Future perfect Imperative  
-eh/ah -ih -es -oh -ans -ou -as -eś -us -ea stress

pronoun

+infinitive

-on/ōn -ont -ouz -oñ -ans -out -onz -ūś -ūn -uñ
-e stem or -i -es -o -an -ou -as -eś -us -ea
-ir -ia -ich -iaz -ian -iwn -isez -iz -it -iñ

Negation

Adding 'ne' or 'non' or 'no' before any verbs automatically turns it into a negative verbs. If the modal is not a standalone verb then negation comes before the modal.

Vocabulary

Vocab list
Verbs Pronouns& Adjectives Nouns Prepositions Expressions
se to be Conjunctions grand big zeit time ai to, at greeting
avōn to have ses this peti small persōn person de of, from ja Yes
gon to go Set That ontel smart anyu year breñ after(space) nōn No
fōn to do Sæn these bōn good dei day ruñ before(space) tsañken thank you
hōron to listen Sat those mov bad noh thing driñ after(time) gōme sorry
parlōn to speak kas what bet stupid hōm man ōdduñ before(time) plu please
marśe to walk lyu how much jontil kind fōm women avoñ with ślah darn!
reje to see keh basic question stark strong unfant child on in jane Bye
venōn to come lya how śwac weak rōm space weil between gutmei good morning
gōn to get kænz when śeiv hot vwuts world hañ behind gutahi good afternoon
mate to make klenz how many froi cold ommæn humans hōñ in front of gutbon good evening
kyōn to know wōu where enyuz happy elv elf pōr for gutnah good night
prōn to take wōi why malad sad nekkō nekomimi durś on chōttō hold up
trōn to try wel who sæmpa kind lu water dūś under ekskia moi excuse me
vyōn to become vnō which æmpoli rude land land sgiñ above degr you're welcome
travaye to work bōr for fasil easy meisōn house ōbiñ below
kōmpron understand weil because difiśil hard vōicur car depu since
eime to like et/'et and(normal) propeir clean telef phone vūrs towards
adōre to love i/ih/hi and(adjective) sul dirty nōricur food krof during
rejōn to watch or or guci fine vetem clothes gib until, up to
hase to hate mei but swaśt healthy ami friend kiz because
maje to eat yet harap ill animōh animal degih outside
træñkōn to drink te so eigzyō month gyañ beside
namir to call oneself jec that ænyō year
slevir to bath hur hour
ænstir to approach mænut minute
repir to rest second second
feir to wake ti tea
dormir to sleep mer mother
spir to stand per father
cir to sit land country
veir to use sōr sister
ekskir to excuse fer brother
neh may ordiñuś computer
meh must vil city
ñeh will caiz road
veh can(willingly)
fweh can(ability)
jeh shall
vleh want
zlah need
niveh might
vian just