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Line 83: == History == The Nyiobi Convention of 1879 assigned the territory to [[~~Arkalarius~~Tavaris]] as part of ~~Acronian~~an Akronist missionary mission, marking the beginning of the colonial era. AAn ~~Acronian~~Akronist missionary was the first ~~Novarian~~foreigner to significantly explore the country in 1888; he crossed from the south-east to Lake Kivu and met the king. The ~~Novarians~~Tavari did not significantly alter the social structure of the country, but exerted influence by supporting the king and the existing hierarchy and delegating power to local chiefs. [[Vistaraland]] forces took control of Zawadia and [[Hawa]] in 1895 beginning a period of more direct colonial rule. The Vistari also simplified and centralized the power structure, and introduced large-scale projects in education, health, public works, and agricultural supervision, including new crops and improved agricultural techniques to try to reduce the incidence of famine. Both the ~~Acronian~~Akronists and the ~~Vitari~~Vistari promoted Rufi supremacy, considering the Kemto and Rufi different races. In 1920, ~~Vistariland~~Vistaraland introduced identity cards labeling each individual as either Rufi, Kemto, Nwa or Naturalized. While it had previously been possible for particularly wealthy Kemto to become honorary Rufi, the identity cards prevented any further movement between the classes. Vistaraland continued to rule Zawadi-Hawa as a Territory after the Great War, with a mandate to oversee eventual independence. Tensions escalated between the Rufi, who favored early independence, and the Kemto emancipation movement, culminating in the 1958 Zawadian Revolution: Kemto activists began killing Rufi and destroying their houses, forcing more than 240,000 people to seek refuge in neighboring countries. In 1960, the suddenly pro-Kemto Vistari held a referendum in which the country voted to abolish the monarchy. Zawadi was separated from Hawa and gained independence on March 15 1960, which is commemorated as Independence Day, a national holiday. Line 126: Zawadi electricity supply was, until the late 2000s, generated almost entirely from hydroelectric sources; power stations on provided 94% of the country's electricity. A combination of below average rainfall and human activity, including the draining of the Azizi wetlands for cultivation and grazing, caused the two lakes' water levels to fall from 2000 onwards; by 2008 levels were reduced by 50%, leading to a sharp drop in output from the power stations. This, coupled with increased demand as the economy grew, precipitated a shortfall in 2008 and widespread loadshedding. As an emergency measure, the government installed diesel generators north of Usis; by 2006 these were providing 61% of the country's electricity, but were very costly. The government enacted a number of measures to alleviate this problem, including rehabilitating the Azizi wetlands, which supply water to dams and investing in a scheme to extract methane gas from Lake Bontu, expected in its first phase to increase the country's power generation by 46%. The government has increased investment in the transport infrastructure of ~~Rwanda~~Zawadi since the 2002 genocide, with aid from Vistariland, Kuthernburg, South Hills, and others. The transport system consists primarily of the road network, with paved roads between Usis and most other major cities and towns in the country. The principal form of public transport in the country is the minibus, accounting for more than half of all passenger carrying capacity. Some minibuses, particularly in Usis operate an unscheduled service, under a shared taxi system, while others run to a schedule, offering express routes between the major cities. There are a smaller number of large buses, which operate a scheduled service around the country. The country has an international airport at Usis that serves several international destinations. In 2018, construction began on the '''Bayinika''' International Airport, to the south of Usis, which will become the country's largest when it opens, complementing the existing Usis airport. The national carrier is Zwanda Airways, and the country is served by seven foreign airlines. As of 2019 the country has no railways, but there is a project underway, in conjunction with Hawa and Republic Of Nyo, to extend the Nyo Central Line into Zawandi; the three countries have invited expressions of interest from private firms to form a public private partnership for the scheme. <br /> [[Category:Nations]] [[Category:Gondwana]]