Packilvanian language

Packilvanian
luTamuk aluBakilfania
Language family	Packilvanian
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–

The Packilvanian language is the official language of Packilvania. It belongs to the Yastero-Auroran language family.

Phonology

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i		u
Mid	ɛ		ɔ
Open		a

Consonants

		Labial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Postalveolar	Velar	Glottal	Uvular
Nasal		m		n			ŋ
Plosive	Voiced	b		d				g
	Voiceless	p		t				k
Affricate	Sibilant				ts
Fricative	Voiced		v	dh	z
	Voiceless		f	th	s			h	ch
Approximant					l	j	w
Trill				r

Orthography

Packilvanian is written in the Packilvanian Script which comes in two official forms: the Cursive and Regular versions. The Regular version is an alphabet as every glyph represents either a consonant or a vowel. In contrast, the Cursive version is an hybrid abjad which uses diacritics to mark for vowels in the middle of words. Vowels are only written when they appear as the first letter of a word. Vowels can be omitted altogether in Cursive as is regularly the case in most settings as the vowels can be inferred by the reader. The letter "I" is technically not represented at all and must be inferred in some texts. Languages that use Packilvanian Script can adapt it to suit their needs. For instance languages that have diphthongs can use multiple diacritics on top of each other to represent those sounds. Languages that devoice or prenasalise sounds can use appropriate diacritics. Thus, Packilvanian can act as a universal phonetic-based writing style for any language in the world. Cursive Packilvanian can be written without lifting the hand except to add diacritics making it highly efficient for languages that are typically written on paper or parchement.

Grammar

Nouns

Nouns are marked for class, case and number. Packilvanian nouns are built as follows:

(Negation)-Definiteness-Case-class-number-root.

Definiteness

Definiteness is marked by the tone of the first syllable of the word.

• Indefiniteness: High tone
• Definiteness: Low tone

Negation

Negation is marked with a 'g' (or a ge if the word starts with a consonant) and always occurs at the start of a word.

Cases

Case	Prefix
Nominative	none
Accusative	o-
Genitive	a-
Instrumental	ye-
Locative	we-
Infinitive	kha-

Classes

Classes or genders go after cases and before number.

Class	Infix
Abstract	-l-
Inanimate	-n-
Animate	-v-
Sapient	-b-

Number

Number goes after the class and before the root.

Number	Infix
Singular	-u-
Plural	-e-
Uncountable	-o-

Verbs

Verbs are inflected with the same affixes as the noun they relate to. Verbs are inflected for time as follows:

	Tense
			Non-past	Past
Aspect	Perfect		none	-ev or -v
	Imperfective	Habitual	none	-er or -r
		Continuous	none	-eg - or -g

Demonstrative

• Distal: -qa
• Proximate: -arud

Pronouns

This page (or section) is a work in progress by its author(s) and should not be considered final.

Pronouns are inflected for case and class where applicable:

• First person: in the nominative case, the first person singular root is Min. It is used together with bu- in the singular and with be-in the plural (I.e., the equivalent of We in Staynish).
  • Bumin bukasa nobakil (I want water)
  • BuSultan bukasa khabuparla obumin (The Sultan wants to speak [to] me).
  • BuSultan bukasa nobakil abumin (The Sultan wants my water).
  • BuSultan bukasa khabuakhat nupontun yebumin (The Sultan wants to build a bridge by me).
• Second person: in the nominative case, the first person singular root is Du (equivalent of Thou in Middle Codexian).
  • Budu buyal nobakil (You drink water).
  • BuSultan bukasa obudu (The Sultan wants you)
  • BuSultan khabukasa nobakil abudu (The Sultan wants your water)
  • BuSultan bukasa bujaheler weluDrakkengard yebudu (The Sultan wants to send a letter to Drakkengard by you).
  • BuSultan bukasa khabuvade lutooton webudu(Sultan wants to confer knighthood upon you).
• Third person is the most complex. Similarly to the previous others it is inflected for case and number. The third person root is Med. The suffix -arud is added to the end of the word for distal (faraway) and the --aqa suffix is added for proximal (nearby).
  • Bumedarud buwalwa nuvelha (They [faraway/out of view] eat meat) or Bumedaqa buwalwa nuvelha (They [close/within view] eat meat).