Great Morstaybishlia: Difference between revisions
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| legislature = [[Parliament of Great Morstaybishlia|Parliament]] |
| legislature = [[Parliament of Great Morstaybishlia|Parliament]] |
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| upper_house = [[ |
| upper_house = [[Lord's Hall]] |
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| lower_house = [[ |
| lower_house = [[Folk's Hall]] |
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| established_event1 = [[Battle for Caltharus 1515|Union of the Thrones]] <br /> under [[Lambertus III]] |
| established_event1 = [[Battle for Caltharus 1515|Union of the Thrones]] <br /> under [[Lambertus III]] |
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| established_date1 = 1515 |
| established_date1 = 1515 |
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There was peace and prosperity, as the national income per person grew by over half. Much of the prosperity was due to the increasing industrialization, especially in machinery and textiles, as well as to the worldwide network of engineering and trade which produced profits for Morstaybishlian merchants and experts from across the world. In the Morstaybishlian sphere there was peace abroad. |
There was peace and prosperity, as the national income per person grew by over half. Much of the prosperity was due to the increasing industrialization, especially in machinery and textiles, as well as to the worldwide network of engineering and trade which produced profits for Morstaybishlian merchants and experts from across the world. In the Morstaybishlian sphere there was peace abroad. |
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Despite these changes, Morstaybishlia lacked behind in its democratic index. It was still an absolute monarchy, and even though there was movements to change, an elected parliament would not happen until 1917. However, the Privy Council of Staynes and Privy Council of Kaltariezh which were appointed by the Crown and served at the Crown's pleasure became more autonomous, including consolidating the two devolved administrations of Staynes and Kaltariezh into one, based at Kalmington Palace, Sani Bursil, and helmed by a |
Despite these changes, Morstaybishlia lacked behind in its democratic index. It was still an absolute monarchy, and even though there was movements to change, an elected parliament would not happen until 1917. However, the Privy Council of Staynes and Privy Council of Kaltariezh which were appointed by the Crown and served at the Crown's pleasure became more autonomous, including consolidating the two devolved administrations of Staynes and Kaltariezh into one, based at Kalmington Palace, Sani Bursil, and helmed by a Lord Rhoubihan, equivalent of a [[Prime Ministers of Great Morstaybishlia|prime minister]] today. This became the [[Lord's Hall]] in 1831, and were the first example of a unified chamber of aristocracy from across the homeland. They drafted legislation in the name of the King, or Queen, at their pleasure, and the monarch was perfectly in their right to stop legislation from passing. In fact, this was common practice. The monarch remained untouchable and unaccountable to the Lord's Hall, and had a large sway among leading figures to bend them into submission. |
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[[File:Women slaves with master on the left.jpg|right|thumb|500px|Female slaves at Cavalier Court, a hotel in Rosamundport for the wealthy. They would have performed all the jobs involved with keeping the place running, work which was daily, constant, sometimes difficult and often tedious. Enslaved servants often slept on pallets on the floors of bedrooms or hallways near where they laboured. Proximity to male slaveholders and their guests made enslaved women and girls particularly vulnerable to sexual predation. Their owner is on the far left, pictured 1889.]] |
[[File:Women slaves with master on the left.jpg|right|thumb|500px|Female slaves at Cavalier Court, a hotel in Rosamundport for the wealthy. They would have performed all the jobs involved with keeping the place running, work which was daily, constant, sometimes difficult and often tedious. Enslaved servants often slept on pallets on the floors of bedrooms or hallways near where they laboured. Proximity to male slaveholders and their guests made enslaved women and girls particularly vulnerable to sexual predation. Their owner is on the far left, pictured 1889.]] |
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On a local level, a rapid rise of the middle class, in large part displacing the complete control long exercised by the aristocracy occurred. Respectability was their code, and businessmen had to be trusted and must avoid reckless gambling and heavy drinking. The [[Thaerism|Thaerist]] institution imposed fresh moralistic values on society, such as responsibility, widespread charity, discipline in the home, and self-examination for the smallest faults and needs of improvement. They focused on exciting a personal revulsion against social evils and personal misbehavior. Though across the world slavery was being abolished, the lack of free press saw most of Morstaybishlia oblivious to the country's huge trade, and so anti-slavery movements barely took off despite this moral shift. The press was still widely controlled by the aristocracy who gained from the slave trade, and all independent agitation and reporting of the horrific conditions of [[Wikipedia:Slavery#Chattel slavery|chattel slavery]] across the Empire was either bought out or quashed. |
On a local level, a rapid rise of the middle class, in large part displacing the complete control long exercised by the aristocracy occurred. Respectability was their code, and businessmen had to be trusted and must avoid reckless gambling and heavy drinking. The [[Thaerism|Thaerist]] institution imposed fresh moralistic values on society, such as responsibility, widespread charity, discipline in the home, and self-examination for the smallest faults and needs of improvement. They focused on exciting a personal revulsion against social evils and personal misbehavior. Though across the world slavery was being abolished, the lack of free press saw most of Morstaybishlia oblivious to the country's huge trade, and so anti-slavery movements barely took off despite this moral shift. The press was still widely controlled by the aristocracy who gained from the slave trade, and all independent agitation and reporting of the horrific conditions of [[Wikipedia:Slavery#Chattel slavery|chattel slavery]] across the Empire was either bought out or quashed. |
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There was a spirit of libertarianism as people felt they were free. Taxes however were moderate, and government restrictions on media and other aspects of everyday life was in effect. There were other problem areas, such as occasional riots, especially those motivated by [[Wikipedia:Criticism of monarchy|anti-Monarchism]]. Society was still ruled by the aristocracy and the gentry, which controlled high government offices, the |
There was a spirit of libertarianism as people felt they were free. Taxes however were moderate, and government restrictions on media and other aspects of everyday life was in effect. There were other problem areas, such as occasional riots, especially those motivated by [[Wikipedia:Criticism of monarchy|anti-Monarchism]]. Society was still ruled by the aristocracy and the gentry, which controlled high government offices, the Lord's Hall, religious institutions, and the military. Becoming a rich businessman was not as prestigious as inheriting a title and owning a landed estate. |
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The abstract theological or philosophical doctrine of agnosticism, whereby it is theoretically impossible to prove whether or not a higher being exists, suddenly became a popular issue in the 1860s, though Blasphemy laws meant that promoting atheism could be a crime and was vigorously prosecuted, which drove these freethinkers underground. Children were entitled to education for the first time, though this was limited to literacy as the population was highly illiterate. A 1840s estimate believed that over 90 percent of people could not read or write; but by the end of the 19th century illiteracy had fallen so dramatically that over 65 percent could read and write, which inspired a boom in reading culture and Morstaybishlian literature. A plethora of reading materials were to children. Publishers also took advantage of innovations such as those that enable the printing of coloured illustrations. As the middle class boomed, people had more money to spend on entertaining their children. Moral messaging was de-emphasised in favor of fun. |
The abstract theological or philosophical doctrine of agnosticism, whereby it is theoretically impossible to prove whether or not a higher being exists, suddenly became a popular issue in the 1860s, though Blasphemy laws meant that promoting atheism could be a crime and was vigorously prosecuted, which drove these freethinkers underground. Children were entitled to education for the first time, though this was limited to literacy as the population was highly illiterate. A 1840s estimate believed that over 90 percent of people could not read or write; but by the end of the 19th century illiteracy had fallen so dramatically that over 65 percent could read and write, which inspired a boom in reading culture and Morstaybishlian literature. A plethora of reading materials were to children. Publishers also took advantage of innovations such as those that enable the printing of coloured illustrations. As the middle class boomed, people had more money to spend on entertaining their children. Moral messaging was de-emphasised in favor of fun. |
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On 9 March 2021, four coordinated terrorist attacks and a fifth foiled attack occurred in [[Joralesia]] between 13:03 and 13:39. Including two perpetrators, 354 people died and 881 were injured, 109 of which critically<ref>[[MBC]], 9th March 2021. ''Joralesian Terror Attack Worse in its History''. https://forum.theeastpacific.com/mbc-t3205-s120.html#p243403</ref>. [[Vothetria|Vothetrian]] [[Prime Ministers of Vothetria|Prime Minister]] [[Clauzia Sarohart]] was a victim of the second bombing. The prime minister called a [[TRIDENT]] meeting and initiated Black Alert over all Joralesia, which was given Royal Assent at 04:00 on 10 March, three hours after the attack (as Sani Bursil is twelve time zones in front). The [[2021 Joralesian attacks]] were later discovered to be conducted by members of the Ravenspaw and Greypike cartels, two listed terrorist organisations. By evening on the same day of the attacks, [[2021 Joralesian riots|protests and later riots]] throughout Joralesian cities took place. |
On 9 March 2021, four coordinated terrorist attacks and a fifth foiled attack occurred in [[Joralesia]] between 13:03 and 13:39. Including two perpetrators, 354 people died and 881 were injured, 109 of which critically<ref>[[MBC]], 9th March 2021. ''Joralesian Terror Attack Worse in its History''. https://forum.theeastpacific.com/mbc-t3205-s120.html#p243403</ref>. [[Vothetria|Vothetrian]] [[Prime Ministers of Vothetria|Prime Minister]] [[Clauzia Sarohart]] was a victim of the second bombing. The prime minister called a [[TRIDENT]] meeting and initiated Black Alert over all Joralesia, which was given Royal Assent at 04:00 on 10 March, three hours after the attack (as Sani Bursil is twelve time zones in front). The [[2021 Joralesian attacks]] were later discovered to be conducted by members of the Ravenspaw and Greypike cartels, two listed terrorist organisations. By evening on the same day of the attacks, [[2021 Joralesian riots|protests and later riots]] throughout Joralesian cities took place. |
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In Parliament, the prime minister attempted to amend the Anti-Terrorism Act, passed controversially in 2020 to give amnesty to actions taken by Joralesian police, including unsanctioned arrests for anyone affiliated with the ongoing protests. This was met with heavy criticism across the House and the amendment historically failed, with three Cabinet members voting against the government. Barvata refrained from forcing their resignations against convention. Barvata called for and the House voted on an early general election, which failed. When the House voted on a second amendment to the Act, it failed by two votes, leading to Barvata circumnavigating the Fixed-terms Parliamentary Act of 1999 which requires a two-thirds supermajority in order for an election to take place by passing the Early Parliamentary General Election Act 2021, which only required fifty percent<ref>[[MBC]], 9th March 2021. ''Early Election Bill Passes |
In Parliament, the prime minister attempted to amend the Anti-Terrorism Act, passed controversially in 2020 to give amnesty to actions taken by Joralesian police, including unsanctioned arrests for anyone affiliated with the ongoing protests. This was met with heavy criticism across the House and the amendment historically failed, with three Cabinet members voting against the government. Barvata refrained from forcing their resignations against convention. Barvata called for and the House voted on an early general election, which failed. When the House voted on a second amendment to the Act, it failed by two votes, leading to Barvata circumnavigating the Fixed-terms Parliamentary Act of 1999 which requires a two-thirds supermajority in order for an election to take place by passing the Early Parliamentary General Election Act 2021, which only required fifty percent<ref>[[MBC]], 9th March 2021. ''Early Election Bill Passes Folks''. https://forum.theeastpacific.com/mbc-t3205-s120.html#p243440</ref>. [[Lambertus VII|King Lambertus VII]] gave Royal Assent to the Early Parliamentary General Election Act 2021 on the afternoon of 10 March 2021 and parliament dissolved at 00:01 on 11 March 2021<ref>[[MBC]], 10th March 2021. ''King Lambertus VII Gives Election Act Royal Assent''. https://forum.theeastpacific.com/mbc-t3205-s120.html#p243473</ref>. |
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The [[2021 Great Morstaybishlia General Election|general election]] was the first in 23 years to result in a hung parliament<ref>[[MBC]], 1st April 2021. ''Barvata Retains Office, But Only Just''. https://forum.theeastpacific.com/mbc-t3205-s120.html#p244223</ref>. The abstentionist [[Marislian Independence Party]] had its greatest ever victory. Progress remained in power after forming a minority government with inner-party agreements with the Valerian Progress faction. Two days later, MARIP leader [[Romilda von Anzitter]] forwarded a strong demand for independence live on MBC. |
The [[2021 Great Morstaybishlia General Election|general election]] was the first in 23 years to result in a hung parliament<ref>[[MBC]], 1st April 2021. ''Barvata Retains Office, But Only Just''. https://forum.theeastpacific.com/mbc-t3205-s120.html#p244223</ref>. The abstentionist [[Marislian Independence Party]] had its greatest ever victory. Progress remained in power after forming a minority government with inner-party agreements with the Valerian Progress faction. Two days later, MARIP leader [[Romilda von Anzitter]] forwarded a strong demand for independence live on MBC. |
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===Government=== |
===Government=== |
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[[File:Kalmington Palace 2021.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Kalmington Palace, seat of both houses of the Parliament of Great Morstaybishlia.]] |
[[File:Kalmington Palace 2021.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Kalmington Palace, seat of both houses of the Parliament of Great Morstaybishlia.]] |
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The Morstaybishlian parliamentary government is based on the [[Wikipedia:Westminster system|Kalmington system]] of some modern parliamentary constitutional monarchies, and that is emulated in some former colonies after 1917 and instated in 2 of the 4 nations in the [[Ethalns]] after the [[Auroran-Cerenerian War]]. The government is divided into two branches: an elected |
The Morstaybishlian parliamentary government is based on the [[Wikipedia:Westminster system|Kalmington system]] of some modern parliamentary constitutional monarchies, and that is emulated in some former colonies after 1917 and instated in 2 of the 4 nations in the [[Ethalns]] after the [[Auroran-Cerenerian War]]. The government is divided into two branches: an elected [[Folk's Hall]] and an appointed [[Lord's Hall]]. All bills passed are given Royal Assent before becoming law. |
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The position of [[wikipedia:Prime Minister|prime minister]] is the head of government of Great Morstaybishlia. The position belongs to the person most likely to command the confidence of the |
The position of [[wikipedia:Prime Minister|prime minister]] is the head of government of Great Morstaybishlia. The position belongs to the person most likely to command the confidence of the Folks; this individual is typically the leader of the political party or coalition of parties that holds the largest number of seats in that chamber. By convention, the monarch respects the prime minister's decisions of government. |
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The cabinet is drawn from members of the prime minister's party or coalition and mostly from the |
The cabinet is drawn from members of the prime minister's party or coalition and mostly from the Folk's Hall but always from both legislative houses, the cabinet being responsible for both. The work is divided according to topics called portfolios occupied by Ministers of the Crown. Other executive officials may attend cabinet meetings but may not vote. Executive power is exercised by the prime minister and cabinet, all of who are sworn into the Privy Council of Great Morstaybishlia, and become Ministers of the Crown. The current Prime Minister is [[Franklin Barvata]] who has held office since 23 September 2021. Barvata is also the leader of the [[Progress Party (MBE)|Progress Party]]. For elections to the Folk's Hall, the MBE is divided into 1,794 constituencies, each electing a single member of parliament (MP) by [[wikipedia:plurality voting|simple plurality]]. General elections are called by the monarch when the prime minister so advises. The Fixed-tern Parliaments Act 1946 required that a new election must be called no later than seven years after the previous general election. |
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The government is heavily centralised in [[Sani Bursil]] and handles matters such as defence, currency, trade, treaties, property rights, public health care, education, and land management. Territorial governments such as [[Louzaria]] and [[Joralesia]] are restricted to issues such as housing, water, power, sanitation and local roads. The national government has a large degree of control over their internal affairs. |
The government is heavily centralised in [[Sani Bursil]] and handles matters such as defence, currency, trade, treaties, property rights, public health care, education, and land management. Territorial governments such as [[Louzaria]] and [[Joralesia]] are restricted to issues such as housing, water, power, sanitation and local roads. The national government has a large degree of control over their internal affairs. |
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[[File:PMs of MBE JUL2021.png|left|thumb|700px|Prime Ministers since the First Parliament of 1917.]] |
[[File:PMs of MBE JUL2021.png|left|thumb|700px|Prime Ministers since the First Parliament of 1917.]] |
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The [[Principles of Democracy Party]], the [[Progress Party (MBE)|Progress Party]] and the [[Civic Party (MBE)|Civic Party]] have, in modern times, been the MBE's three major political parties, representing the Morstaybishlian traditions of conservatism, socialism and centrism, respectively. Most of the remaining seats were won by parties that contest elections only in one party of the MBE: Jusdelvic Unionist Party and Jusdelvic Independence Party (Jusdelva only); and the Marislian Independence Party (Marislia only). In accordance with party policy, no elected Marislian Independence Party members of parliament have ever attended the |
The [[Principles of Democracy Party]], the [[Progress Party (MBE)|Progress Party]] and the [[Civic Party (MBE)|Civic Party]] have, in modern times, been the MBE's three major political parties, representing the Morstaybishlian traditions of conservatism, socialism and centrism, respectively. Most of the remaining seats were won by parties that contest elections only in one party of the MBE: Jusdelvic Unionist Party and Jusdelvic Independence Party (Jusdelva only); and the Marislian Independence Party (Marislia only). In accordance with party policy, no elected Marislian Independence Party members of parliament have ever attended the Folk's Hall to speak on behalf of their constituents because of the requirement to take an oath of allegiance to the monarch. |
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==== History of constituencies ==== |
==== History of constituencies ==== |
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