Great Morstaybishlia: Difference between revisions

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After successfully beating the [[Ethalria (Grand Matriarchy)|Ethalrian Empire]] over Gronmund Port, Morstaybishlian influence would begin to soar over the lands which made up modern day Luxaria[[Lythuscia]]. Within less than five years, due to a strong embargo on the Kingdom of LuzuraAlbon, their influence waned, and eventually it was assimilated into the Morstaybishlian Empire.
 
Upon the ascension of [[Florence I]], the oppressed peoples of [[South Peragen]] began to prefer the idea of Morstaybishlian intervention in the Concordian Ocean, which would upset the powerful influence the Commonwealth held on the nation. With more trading aligned to the Morstaybishlian Empire, South Peragen became a wealthier trade hub; and in 1629 the aristocracies of South Peragen started a revolt against the Commonwealth, which was supported by the Erranzan separatists and the Morstaybishlians. A three year war passed, after which South Peragen won and gained independence in 1632, and with Commonwealth forces retracted, the Empire sought to expand their influence into the prosperous South Concordian Ocean.
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===Late Modern (1803 - 21st century)===
====Slavery====
Morstaybishlia played a leading part in the Cerenerian and Concordian slave trade, mainly between 1673 and 1917 when Morstaybishlian or Morstaybishlian-colonial ships transported nearly 5 million slaves from Gondwana in a legal system of human [[Wikipedia:Chattel slavery|chattel enslavement]]. The slaves were taken to work on plantations in Morstaybishlian possessions, principally in [[Saint Matilda]], the [[Morstaybishlian Cerenerian Territories|Morstaybishlian Cerenerian]], [[Jusdelva]] and LuxariaMorstaybishlian Arcturia, but also Aurora. The rapid expansion of the cotton and flax industries after the invention of the [[Wikipedia:Cotton gin|cotton gin]] and [[Wikipedia:Spinning wheel|spinning wheel]] greatly increased demand for slave labour. Slavery coupled with the Cerenerian sugar industry had a significant role in strengthening and developing the Morstaybishlian economy in the 18th century. Throughout the later 19th century movements called for the monarchy to install laws similar to other nations which began restricting and abolishing slavery, and giving slaves more rights, but this did not succeed. However, when Parliament was formed in 1917 following the handover of absolutism from the monarchy, it banned the slave trade and banned slavery in the Morstaybishlian Empire, freeing over 5 million slaves.
 
Through reward programs, former slaves were encouraged back to their origin countries, though it largely fell through and former slaves instead settled in the colonies where they had been set to work in. Today, large portions of former slaves live in [[Lokania]], Jusdelva, throughout the Cerenerian and in Gondwana - which can be seen in the distribution of large minority ethnic groups in these colonies.
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In this period, fertility rates remained high, leading to a population boom. Gradually, fertility rates fell as people became more affluent and had better access to contraception. By 1897, the infant mortality rate in Staynes was 10 percent, down from about half in the 15th century. There was no catastrophic epidemic or famine in Morstaybishlia in the nineteenth century, marking the first century in which a major epidemic did not occur throughout the whole country. In the olden days, people typically had had as many children as they could afford in order to ensure at least a few of them would survive to adulthood and have children of their own due to high child mortality rates. Moreover, it was the poor who had had an incentive to curb their fertility whereas the rich had lacked such a need due to greater wealth and lower child mortality rates. This changed due to the Industrial Revolution. Standards of living improved and mortality rates fell. People no longer needed to have as many children as before to ensure the propagation of their genes. The link between poverty and child mortality weakened. In addition, societal attitude towards contraception warmed, leading to the negative correlation between intelligence and fertility.
 
====MorstopackiaImperial andaffairs before the Great War (1897-1917)====
[[File:The Morstaybishlian Empire around the advent of the Great War, circa 1900-1904 (compressed version 2).png|left|thumb|400px|The Morstaybishlian Empire between 1897 and 1904. It is considered to be at its zenith at this time.]]
[[File:Morstopackia wiki map.png|left|thumb|220px|Morstopackia (dark green) with Morstaybishlia's surrounding territories (light green).]]
The reign of [[Thadeus I]] marked the final years of the Morstaybishlian global trading empire before the [[Great War]]. Morstaybishlia went through a phase of being relatively unchallenged at sea, particularly domestically where it dominated Auroran, Arcturian and Cerenerian waters. Alongide its formal colonial empire, Morstaybishlia's dominance over world trade meant that it effectively controlled the economies of many countries, such as Peragen, [[Ewenshire]] and [[Zreiru'a]].
[[File:Thadeus I & Zerah Demir IV on tour in Packilvania.jpg|right|thumb|220px|Rare picture of King Thadeus I of Morstaybishlia and Sultana Zerah Demir IV of Packilvania touring Hoopland around July 1917, a month before his death.]]
 
Morstaybishlian imperial strength was bolstered by the [[Wikipedia:Tepegraphy|telegraph]] in the mid 19th century, allowing greater control and defence of its empire. The Morstaybishlian Empire was linked together by a network of telegraph cables, called the Morst Code Network, which was inaugurated in October 1898.
In 1897, [[Thadeus I]] married [[Zerah Demir IV]], Sultana of the Caliphate. The two superpowers were united under marriage and for 20 years remained so, until the death of the Morstaybishlian King in 1917. Trade between the two superpowers rose to unimaginable heights. The legacy of which is still visible in trade between the two superpowers to this day, with Morsto-Caliphate trade being the strongest and largest trade between two sovereign states in the world.
 
Most trading expeditions to [[Concord]] and [[Yasteria|northwestern Yasteria]] bypassed the Tawusian Cape in favour of travelling through the quicker route in [[Arcturia|northern Arcturia]]. Trading vessels were left vulnerable to piracy at various chokepoints in the Ewenshire Strait and Optian Sea, and many returning galleons loaded with goods were raided by pirates operating off the coast. This was most prominent in the 17th through to the early 19th century because Morstaybishlia had no permanent settlements and had to sail Imperial Navy ships from [[Seligeze Islands|Queensport]] more than 1,800 miles away to defend them. Even with being allowed to dock in Ewenshire, the ports available were too small to allow anything more than one or two Imperial Navy ships in at a time. A formal arrangement was signed in 1856 where Morstaybishlia began leasing the relatively underdeveloped town of Farhide and its surrounding area, and immediately began constructing a permanent naval base to protect both country's trading interests. This was administered as a Morstaybishlian colony, and quickly turned into a vital naval hub for operating out of it dozens of warships at a time. With organised piracy adopting [[Wikipedia:Incendiary device|incendiary]] [[Wikipedia:Shell (projectile)|shells]] in the 1850s, Morstaybishlia trialled the world's first [[Wikipedia:Ironclad warship|ironclad warships]] in 1861 to combat piracy. This base was incorporated into the Morst Code Network in 1898, and coupled with Morstaybishlia's economic projection in the area has led several historians to quote Morstaybishlia's influence over Ewenshire as being apart of its [[Wikipedia:Informal empire|informal empire]].
The two countries, having been married under political union for 18 years, decided that they would go through a legal process to form a permanent sovereign state with the alias "Morstopackia". The idea was taken quite radically in two fashions; some thousands of politicians and activists endorsed the idea whilst an equal number despised it. This union was despised because among other things, it concentrated even more over a transnational elite, removed from the problems and needs of Morst people. Furthermore, it imposed alien ideas that emanated from compromises made with the Packilvanians through the Articles of Union drafted by Packilvanian Grand Vizier Abdun Demir. When the King of Morstaybishlia abruptly died of liver failure after the war in August 1917 it sparked an international crisis.
 
[[File:Map of southwest Aurora in 1917 as the Korstazian War begins.png|right|thumb|300px|Political geography of the region at the signing of the Treaty of Bursil, 8 December 1917. Note that the borders of the withdrawing Ethalrian occupation, which covers most of modern [[Lyrevale|southern Lyrevale]] is not shown.]]
Gideon Muktan, a member of the Bingol Parliament and the founder of the Feline Club in Packilvania, and his colleagues gave Sultana Zemir a manifesto asking for reforms. Due to her repressive tactics, Feline Club became the Packilvanian Communist Party in 1918 and they established a paramilitary force called the Packilvanian People's Liberation Army to overthrow her rule. The death of King Thadeus I led to a constitutional crisis as it was unclear whether Sultana Zemir Demir V would be the sole monarch of both countries or whether [[Thadeus II]] would become King. This led to delays in his coronation. Nevertheless, circumstances in Packilvania forced a resolution. To assuage some of the anger against her government, Sultana Zemir Demir IV ended the unification process and renounced her claims to the Morstaybishlian throne. Unfortunately this was too little too late and the First Packilvanian Civil War was fully under way. Morstaybishlian forces under newly crowned King [[Thadeus II]] came to her aid and fought on her side. However, she was defeated in 1925 and was captured by the Communists but she fled to Great Morstaybishlia for the remainder of her life. During the First Packilvanian Civil War, the ideas of communism spread among some Morst soldiers who were resentful of fighting in a bloody foreign war. The ideas of Nikobar Luden, a famous writer and academic spread such that they galvanised the desire for social and political reforms among Morstaybishlians especially the youth and intellectual classes.
In [[Borea|western Borea]], Morstaybishlia assisted Elwin Arachne seize power of Zreiru'a in 1885, and by the turn of the century was being supplied most of its abundant natural resources in exchange for military aid to help assist Arachne in conquering the continent. Settlers flocked to [[Kurandia]] to capitalise on the resource boom, aiding the development of new urban spaces such as Corren Tree and Ander's Point.
 
Throughout both the Great War and First Packilvanian Civil War, the disdain for the Morsto-Packilvanian monarchist union cultivated a coordinated movement for democratisation and political reform. Following the death of King Thadeus I on the 1st of August, the movement gained momentum. Both political wings formed the Parliamentarian forces and stormed the Royal Palace on the 17th of August demanding a signatory from the young King [[Thadeus II]] on the Great Charter of the Liberties to sign over his right to [[wikipedia:Absolute monarchy|absolutism]]. Agreeing to this, the Parliamentarians and the Crown agreed for the continuance of the monarchy [[wikipedia:Constitutional monarchy|constitutionally]]. The parliamentarians gave a [[wikipedia:Purdah (pre-election period)|purdah]] where constituencies were created and an election period began. On the 11th of October 1917, [[Orson Klarass]] led the [[Principles of Democracy Party]] into the first Morstaybishlian Government. Slavery was abolished in 1917 with near unanimity, a reflection of how it the concept of slavery was disliked by the turn of the 20th century.
 
Amongst the most consequential reforms enacted by the new parliament was the declaration that Axdel would transition from being a royal principality into a dominion in December 1917. In addition to its seats in the national parliament, the Dominion was granted a devolved elected legislature which, whilst fundamentally subservient, gave it a reasonable degree of control over its domestic economic and military policy. Whilst the decision was far from uncontroversial, as a strong believer in democracy as a unifying force Prime minister Klarass was a proponent of the idea as a means of garnering trust people of Axdel. Most seats in the dominions legislature would be filled by the big-tent pro-independence Kuesla parliamentary party. Although the Morstaybishlian government took measures to ensure that far left groups and cavan nationalists were driven out of mainstream politics, their presence would remain ever present throughout the early-mid 20th century. [[Alton Kresjarl]] would attempt to dissolve the Axdelian parliament in 1925 but fail by a margin of 5%.
 
With a fragile year in the royal family came a major political rift. Both the far reaches within the fatherland of Morstaybishlia and Packilvania saw large far-left groups emerge. The latter fell to a communist uprising in the years following with Queen Zerah Demir IV's assassination in 1936 and would galvanise the far-left groups in Morstaybishlia which would eventually orchestrate Axdelian Independence.
 
====Aftermath of the Great War====
Despite the armistice, a formal state of war between the two sides persisted for another five months, until the signing of the Treaty of Ribenstadt on 8 December 1917. The treaty saw the official end of the war in Aurora. Whilst there was no official surrender, historians favour an Ethalrian and Salovian victory over Morstaybishlia in regards to the Auroran theatre of war because of the concessions that Morstaybishlia signed in the treaty. Ethalria receeded their forces north of the Bolvinian Plateau in exchange for annexing the historical provinces of Bro-Tewesac, Bro-Suode and Bro-Angwin in southern Kaltanezh.
 
The first Morstaybishlian election cycle and disagreements around the Axdelian peninsula delayed the signing of the treaty by three months. Ethalria demanded that it was their right to annex southern Axdel because they had de facto controlled swathes of it since 1911, and had even established the Republic of Korstazia as a puppet state ruled by the Axdelian-born General Sauwo Ñeya̋na. Orson Klarass refused this because an independent Axdel would likely align with Ethalria and make the already rescinding Morstaybishlian Empire far weaker on the continent. Later, Morstaybishlia would concede to a less severe offer. In exchange for returning Dragonia and the Indigo Isles to Ethalria, as well as granting the peninsula devolved autonomy, something that had never happened in Morstaybishlia; Ethalra agreed to withdraw their troops and support for the Republic of Korstazia. Without backing by Ethalria, Ñeya̋na’s government surrendered after a [[Korstazian War|four month continuation war]].
 
The [[Parliament of Great Morstaybishlia|Morstaybishlian parliament]] passed the Act of Federation in February 1919 which saw the creation of the [[Lythuscia|Federated Colonies of Lythuscia]]. This was the first time that Morstaybishlia had [[Wikipedia:Federalisation|federated]] its colonies, and granted any colony [[Wikipedia:Home rule|home rule]]. Legislative power was held in Albaburg, whilst [[Wikipedia:Command (military formation)|military command]], diplomacy and foreign policy remained in Sani Bursil.
 
====Abolition of slavery====
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As the world evolved in the 19th and 20th centuries, many democratic nations abolished slavery and pressured the Morstaybishlian and Packilvanian Empires to do so. Owing to its incredible size and power in the 19th century and its absolute monarchy which had large capital interests and investment in the slave trade, the Morstaybishlian Empire did not abolish slavery until in November 1917, two months after the end of the Great War and the dissolution of Morstopackia. The nation saw huge social, economic and political reforms in 1917 as it transitioned from an absolute monarchy to parliamentary republic under constitutional monarchy; and later 1910s and 1920s.
 
Parliament passed the Slavery Abolition Act 1917 with 4/5ths voting in favour. The Act made the purchase and ownership of slaves in all of the Morstaybishlian Empire illegal and immediately freed over 5 million slaves. Slavery had been a point of social contention for nearly all of the 19th and early 20th century leading up to its abolition, with its abolition being a primary benefactor of their movement. By January of 1918, the Morstaybishlian Empire had de jure implemented the Act in its declining oversea territories, though de facto there was still an active slave trade in many territories. Following the thirteen years of warfare, the [[Imperial Navy]] was heavily damaged and initially struggled with enforcing the legislation. Many of the closer territories to continental Morstaybishlia, including New Kaltariezh, LuxariaMorstaybishlian Arcturia (later [[Lythuscia]]) and Jusdelva followed suit with the mainland and who's people accepted the changes, but elsewhere it was different. [[File:HMS Gloucester (1909).jpg|left|thumb|255px|Morstaybishlian light-cruiser MBS ''Admiral Kutselm'' docked in Lights Bay Harbour, Bruzaka.]]
 
In the colonial and territorial administrations of Joralesia, Salisar, Morst Cereneria, Dalmaghar, Kurandia, and others recognised the Act and implemented it, but clandestine slave-trading and [[Wikipedia:Blackbirding|blackbirding]] still occurred as late as the mid 1930s. Though it was hit with the economic depression and major de-colonisation following the war, the Imperial Navy immediately established a presence off of the coasts of these territories where there were rumours, sightings, reports or evidence of ongoing slavery, as well as negotiating with countries neighbouring these colonies and territories for their rights to stop and search vessels believed to house slaves. The Imperial Navy dispatched three squadrons of four, five and eight [[Wikipedia:Town-class cruiser (1910)|light cruisers]] to the [[Cerenerian Ocean]], as well as the south and north [[Concordian Ocean]] respectively. With bases at Montecadre, what is now Penisine Garrisons in Balidar, and Bruzraka; the squadrons aided in the capture of over 2,100 slave ships, freeing over 205,000 people from slavery between 1917 and 1934. However, unfortunately this did not exactly reduce the number of deaths of slaves. Thousands lost their lives if the captain of a slave ship knew they were being approached by a squadron vessel. The captain would order for the slaves to be thrown overboard still shackled. Very few would make it to shore.
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===Media===
''See also: [[List of political magazines of Great Morstaybishlia]]''
The [[MBC]], founded in 1917, is Great Morstaybishlia's publicly funded radio, television and Internet broadcasting corporation, and is the oldest and largest broadcaster in the world. It operates numerous television and radio stations in the MBE and abroad and its domestic services are funded by the television licence. Other major players in the MBE media include STV- a media conglomerate of national broadcasters and newspapers, and the CTV, who themselves dominate the media scene in Kaltariezh since the 1930s. Sani Bursil dominates the media sector in the MBE: national newspapers and television and radio are largely based there, although Rouanezkador is also a significant national media centre. Kirdintayos and Valeron, and Loeizaporzh, are important centres of newspaper and broadcasting production in Valeria and Jusdelva respectively. The MBE publishing sector, including books, directories and databases, journals, magazines and business media, newspapers and news agencies, has a combined turnover of around £141 billion and employs around 1.1 million people.
 
The [[MBC]], founded in 1917, is Great Morstaybishlia's publicly funded radio, television and Internet broadcasting corporation, and is the oldest and largest broadcaster in the world. It operates numerous television and radio stations in the MBE and abroad and its domestic services are funded by the television licence. Other major players in the MBE media include STV-, a media conglomerate of national broadcasters and newspapers,; and the CTVKS, who themselves dominate the media scene in Kaltariezh since the 1930s. Sani Bursil dominates the media sector in the MBE: national newspapers and television and radio are largely based there, although Rouanezkador is also a significant national media centre. Kirdintayos and Valeron, and Loeizaporzh, are important centres of newspaper and broadcasting production in Valeria and Jusdelva respectively. The MBE publishing sector, including books, directories and databases, journals, magazines and business media, newspapers and news agencies, has a combined turnover of around £141 billion and employs around 1.1 million people.
 
===Philosophy===