Crania: Difference between revisions
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{{Notcanon}}
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{{Infobox country
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| conventional_long_name = Kingdom Of Crania
| image_flag
| image_coat
| national_motto =
| national_anthem =
| image_map2 = Kasmiyland
| map_caption2 =
| capital
| largest_city = [[Friborg]]
| official_languages = Cranian
| national_languages =
| demonym
| government_type = Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
| leader_title1 = Queen
| leader_name1 = [[Margratha II|Margratha II]]
| leader_title2 = President <br /><small>Head of State</small>
| leader_name2 = [[Daniel Dudeter|Daniel Dudeter]]
| leader_title4 = Prime Minister
| leader_name4 = [[Angela Dalian|Angela Dalian]]
| sovereignty_type = History
| established_event1 = Consolidation
| established_date1 = 8th Century
| established_event2 = Kasmiy-Crania Alliance
| established_date2 = 1678
| established_event3 = Constitutional Act
| established_date3 = 1849
| established_event4 = Gordic Council
| established_date4 = 1973
| established_event5 =
| established_date5 =
| area_km2
| area_sq_mi
| percent_water =
| population_estimate = 48,200,430
| population_estimate_year = 2020
| population_density_km2 =
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| currency
| currency_code = ''GO''
| time_zone
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| calling_code = 288
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The judicial system of Crania is divided between courts with regular civil and criminal jurisdiction and administrative courts with jurisdiction over litigation between individuals and the public administration. Articles sixty-two and sixty-four of the Constitution ensure judicial independence from government and Parliament by providing that judges shall only be guided by the law, including acts, statutes, and practice.
=== Foreign Relations ===
Crania maintains embassies in 61 countries. 42 countries maintain an embassy in Crania all of them in the capital, Friborg.
== Geography ==
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Attractive and dramatic scenery and landscape are found throughout Crania. The South-west coast of southern Crania and the coast of northern Kasmiyland present some of the most visually impressive coastal sceneries in the world. The country is also home to the natural phenomena of the Midnight sun during summer, as well as the Aurora borealis known also as the Northern lights.
== Economy ==
Crania enjoy the third-highest GDP per-capita among Yasteria countries (after Kasmiyland), and the eight-highest GDP (PPP) per-capita in the world. Today, Crania ranks as the third-wealthiest country in the world in monetary value, with the largest capital reserve per capita of any nation. The standard of living in Crania is among the highest in the world.
The Cranian economy is an example of a mixed economy; a prosperous capitalist welfare state it features a combination of free market activity and large state ownership in certain key sectors, influenced by both liberal governments from the late 18th century and later by social democratic governments in the postwar era. Public health care in Crania is free , and parents have 46 weeks paid parental leave. The state income derived from natural resources includes a significant contribution from petroleum production. Norway has an unemployment rate of 3.2%, with 74% of the population aged 15–74 employed. People in the labor force are either employed or looking for work.
The country is richly endowed with natural resources including petroleum, hydropower, fish, forests, and minerals. Large reserves of petroleum and natural gas were discovered in the 1930s, which led to a boom in the economy. Crania has obtained one of the highest standards of living in the world in part by having a large amount of natural resources compared to the size of the population. In 2019, 31% of state revenues were generated from the petroleum industry.
=== Resources ===
==== Oil ====
Export revenues from oil and gas have risen to over 44% of total exports and constitute almost 24% of the GDP. In 1983, the Cranian government established the sovereign wealth fund, which would be funded with oil revenues, including taxes, dividends, sales revenues and licensing fees. This was intended to reduce overheating in the economy from oil revenues, minimize uncertainty from volatility in oil price, and provide a cushion to compensate for expenses associated with the ageing of the population.
The government controls its petroleum resources through a combination of state ownership in major operators in the oil fields and the fully state-owned Samco. Finally, the government controls licensing of exploration and production of fields. The fund invests in developed financial markets outside Crania. Spending from the fund is constrained by the budgetary rule , which limits spending over time to no more than the real value yield of the fund, originally assumed to be 5% a year, but lowered in 2020 to 4% of the fund's total value
==== Oil fields ====
Between 1972 and 2015, Cranian companies drilled 6,322 oil wells, mostly in the Cranish Sea.
==== Fish industry ====
Crania is also the world's fifth-largest exporter of fish. Fish from fish farms and catch constitutes the second largest (behind oil/natural gas) export product measured in value.
==== Electricity ====
Hydroelectric plants generate roughly 98–99% of Cranias electric power, more than any other country in the world.
==== Mineral resources ====
Crania contains significant mineral resources, and in 2017, its mineral production was valued at 7.4 Billion SHD. The most valuable minerals are calcium carbonate (limestone), building stone, nepheline syenite, olivine, iron, titanium, and nickel.
==== Crania Pension Fund ====
In 2020, the Government Pension Fund controlled assets surpassed a value of 2.6 Trillion. It is the largest sovereign wealth fund in the world. The fund controls about 1.9% of all listed shares in Yasteria, and more than 2.2% of all the publicly traded shares in the world. The Cranish Central Bank operates investment offices in Sani Bursil, Luthernburg, and Pollok.
The investment choices of the Cranish fund are directed by ethical guidelines; for example, the fund is not allowed to invest in companies that produce parts for nuclear weapons. Crania's highly transparent investment scheme is lauded by the international community. The future size of the fund is closely linked to the price of oil and to developments in international financial markets.
=== Transport ===
Due to the low population density, narrow shape and short coastlines of Crania, its public transport is less developed than in many Yasterian countries, especially outside the major cities. The country has long-standing water transport traditions, but the Cranish Ministry of Transport and Communications has in recent years implemented rail, road, and air transport through numerous subsidiaries to develop the country's infrastructure. Under discussion is development of a new high-speed rail system between the nation's largest cities.
Cranias main railway network consists of 3,432 mi of standard gauge lines, of which 1,211 mi is double track and 892 mi high-speed rail while 62% is electrified at 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC. The railways transported 61,921,200 passengers and 41,783,000 tonnes of cargo. The entire network is owned by the Cranish National Rail Administration. All domestic passenger trains except the Airport Express Train are operated by Gordic Transit. Several companies operate freight trains. Investment in new infrastructure and maintenance is financed through the state budget, and subsidies are provided for passenger train operations. GT operates long-haul trains, including night trains, regional services and four commuter train systems.
Crania has approximately 63,829 mi of road network, of which 51,200 mi are paved and 2,122 are motorway. The four tiers of road routes are national, county, municipal and private, with national and primary county roads numbered en route. The most important national routes are part of the Yasterian route scheme. The two most prominent are the Yasteria route Y-12 going north–south through the entire country, and the Y-2 which follows the Coast. National and county roads are managed by the Cranish Public Roads Administration.
Crania has the world's largest registered stock of plug-in electric vehicles per capita. In March 2018, Crania became the first country where over 1 in every 100 passenger cars on the roads is a plug-in electric. The plug-in electric segment market share of new car sales is also the highest in the world. Crania would like to ban sales of gasoline and diesel powered vehicles as early as 2022 In June 2020, 68% of new cars registered were electric.
Of the 104 airports in Crania, 66 are public, and 38 are operated by the state-owned Tivas. Seven airports have more than one million passengers annually. A total of 55,212,675 passengers passed through Cranish airports in 2019, of whom 22,321,458 were international.
== Demographics ==
=== Population ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Historical population
!Year
!<abbr>Pop.</abbr>
|-
!1500
|320,400
|-
!1665
|692,400
|-
!1735
|740,300
|-
!1801
|822,320
|-
!1855
|1,700,300
|-
!1900
|6,540,300
|-
!1950
|15,320,000
|-
!2000
|28,400,300
|-
!2010
|38,920,300
|-
!2019
|48,200,430
|-
!2060
(projected)
|72,300,400
|-
| colspan="2" |'''Source''': Statistics Crania.
Crania population was 48,200,430 people in 2019. Cranish are an ethnic North Asendaviac people. Since the late 20th century, Crania has attracted immigrants from southern and central Yasteria, Aurora, Novaris, Concord and beyond.
The total fertility rate (TFR) in 2020 was estimated at 1.56 children born per woman, below the replacement rate of 2.1. In 2020 the median age of the Cranish population was 36.5 years.
In 2019, an official study showed that 76% of the total population have at least one parent who was born in Crania. More than 5.7 Million individuals are immigrants and their descendants; there are 2.3 Million children of immigrants, born in Crania.
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