Politics of Phoenixia: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox political system
| name = Politics of Phoenixia
| native_name = Politik de Phoenixia
| image = Phoenixia seal.png
| image_size = 200px
| caption = Emblem of Phoenixia
| type = Federal Democratic Unitary Parliamentary Republic
| constitution = Constitution of Phoenixia (''Constitutio de Phoenixia'')
| legislature = Landsraad (''luKhneset'')
| legislature_type = Monocameral
| legislature_place = Villa Klin, [[Bluckingham]], Phoenixia
| legislature_speaker = Martin Wilfred
| legislature_speaker_title = President of the Landsraad
| title_hos = Federal President
| current_hos = [[Clarenzio Metrofane]]
| appointer_hos = Federal Convention
| title_hog = Federal Chancellor
| current_hog = Antonio D'Amato
| appointer_hog = Federal President
| title_hosag =
| current_hosag =
| appointer_hosag =
| cabinet = Federal Cabinet
| current_cabinet = Metrofane Cabinet
| cabinet_leader = Chancellor
| cabinet_deputyleader = Vice Chancellor
| cabinet_appointer = Chancellery
| cabinet_hq = Primavera Palace
| cabinet_ministries = 18
| judiciary = Judiciary
| judiciary_head = Chief Justice
| courts =
| court = Supreme Court of Phoenixia
| chief_judge = Lerry Eddie Brown
| court_seat = Palace of Justice
| court1 =
| chief_judge1 =
| court_seat1 =
}} The framework for the political institutions of '''[[Phoenixia]]''' is provided by the Phoenixian Constitution ([[Packilvanian]]: ''luKhanongur aFanaak''). The Constitution follows the principle of separation of powers. Legislative power is exercised by Parliament, executive power by the chancellery, judicial power by the courts. Each institution is further defined by their respective legislative acts. [[Phoenixia]] is a member of the [[International Forum]], the [[OFAC]] and the [[IRSA]].
==
===
The Federal President (Rayeesgur aluIthihad) is the head of state of Phoenixia and serves as the highest representative of the state. The federal president, by their actions and public appearances, represents the state itself, its existence, its legitimacy, and unity.
All federal laws must be signed by the president before they can come into effect. In some cases, the president can veto a law by sending it back to the Landsraad for modifications, however if the same law is approved with a majority of two fifths the president is obliged to sign it.
There are several institutions under the jurisdiction of the President, these include: the Academic Committee, the Federal Development Roundtable, the Phoenixian Memory Institute, the President's Cultural Foundation, the Phoenixian Federal Cooperation Assembly, and the National Defense Council.
The president is not obliged by the Constitution to refrain from political views. The president is expected to give direction to general political and societal debates, but not in a way that is linked to party politics.
The constitution states that to be eligible for office, one must be at least 40 years old and a Phoenixian citizen.
The president is elected by the Landsraad for a term of six years, for a limit of 2 consecutive terms. If the Parliament does not obtain at least two-thirds of the votes after three rounds of voting, an Electoral College (made up of the Landsraad and Dømin governors) elects the president, choosing between the two candidates with the highest percentage of votes. The candidate is nominated with at least one fifth of the support of the Members of Parliament.
In cases of sudden death, severe disease or resignation, the post is provisionally held by the Speaker of the Landsraad until new presidential elections are scheduled. The office is currently held by Antonio D'Amato (since 2022).
The federal president does have a role in the political system, especially at the establishment of a new government and the dissolution of the Landsraad (congress). This role is usually nominal but can become significant in case of political instability.
=== Head of goverment ===
The chancellor is elected by the Landsraad on the proposal of the president and without debate; if approved, the chancellor submits a list of Government members to the President, who appoints the Government within three days. The Government of the Republic takes office by taking an oath before the Parliament. The government remains in office for 4 years.
== Legislature ==
The Landsraad is the legislative body of the Federal Republic of Phoenixia. It is composed of 630 members who are elected through democratic elections for a term of six years, using the principle of proportional representation. The Landsraad Council, led by the President of the Landsraad, coordinates the work of the Parliament. Political parties also have factions within the Parliament, which implement their party's programs. The Parliament's work is assisted by various committees, whose staff are members of the factions, and who are responsible for preparing bills and exercising parliamentary oversight in their areas of expertise. Laws are passed by a simple majority vote. The quorum for the Parliament is established by the internal rules of the Landsraad.
Phoenixian citizens who are at least 21 years old are eligible to vote and can run for election to the Parliament. Citizens who are at least 18 years old and have not been convicted of a crime have the right to elect their representatives in parliamentary elections. The President of the Republic is responsible for organizing elections. After the Parliament is elected, the first session is convened by the President of the Republic, during which members of the Parliament take an oath and then elect the Chancellor and the President of the Parliament. The election process is outlined in the electoral law.
== Judiciary ==
The Phoenixian Federal Judiciary is based on a three tier system. At the top there is a Supreme Court which has final appellate jurisdiction over all state and federal courts. The constitution entrusts the control of the judiciary to the Federal Council of Justice, a self-governing body made up of judges, lawyers and distinguished professors of law. The Judiciary enjoys special constitutional protection from the executive power. Once appointed, they cannot be removed without specific disciplinary proceedings conducted in due course before the Federal Council for the Judiciary.
The organization of the courts is traditionally strong, and nearly all federal and state actions are subject to judicial review. Judges follow a distinct career path. Upon completion of legal training at university, all law students must pass a state exam before they can undertake an apprenticeship which includes extensive training in the legal profession for a period of two years. They must then pass a second state exam that allows them to practice law. At that point, the individual can choose whether to become a lawyer or enter the judiciary. Candidates for the judiciary immediately begin working in the courts. However, they are subject to a probationary period of up to four years before being appointed as life judges.
=== Federal Council of Justice ===
The Federal Council of Justice is an institution of self-government to ensure the autonomy and independence of the judiciary from the other branches of the state, in particular the executive, according to the principle of separation of powers; it's an institution of fundamental importance as it is referred to by the Constitution. The Council is chaired by the Federal President of the Republic. The council is made up of 10 members, 5 professional judges, 3 lawyers and 2 law professors. Who remain in office for 4 years; at the end of their mandate they are not immediately eligible for political office.
=== Supreme Court ===
The Supreme Court (''luKhama luMakhniya)'' is the main guarantor of the republican constitution. ensures the unity of objective national law, respect for the lmits of the various jurisdictions; governs conflicts of jurisdiction and powers and fulfills the other duties attributed to it by law; It can declare unconstitutional laws or enforcement actions taken at any level of government, overriding the law and setting a precedent for future laws and decisions. Its jurisdiction is not limited to a particular jurisdictional matter, but extends to the entire national territory.
The Supreme Court is composed of 12 Justices and 1 Chief Justice. The President nominates 3 candidates for the Supreme Court and the Landsraad can approve the nomination with a 2/3 majority. The Landsraad in turn appoints 3 judges, approved by relative majority. The other half is elected from within the judicial constituencies by the judges. Supreme Court judges remain in office for eight years. In exceptional cases, when a judge carries out extremely malicious actions, the constitution gives the president the ability to remove a Supreme Court justice with the approval of the absolute majority of the Landsraad; this eventuality has never occurred. The Supreme Court meets in plenary session for cases involving jurisdictional issues, constitutional issues, and International issues. The Supreme Court also divides and meets in chambers. There are five chambers:
Penal Affairs Chamber
Administrative Affairs Chamber
Civil Affairs Chamber
Labour Affairs Chamber
Auxiliary chamber, which is responsible for taking cases that cannot be heard in the four regular chambers.
Court rulings are decided on the basis of majority opinion. Rulings of separate chambers can be overturned by the full court. The current Chief of Justice is Lerry Eddie Brown.
'''Other Courts'''
Under the supreme court, there are three courts:
* First-level courts, municipal or city courts based in the municipalities, where the courts in this level have original jurisdiction to hear cases, resolve disputes, and reach a verdict;
* Second-level courts, Dømin Courts based in the State capital, where the courts in this level have appellate jurisdiction to hear appeals from the first-level courts;
* Administrative courts, they rule in disputes involving the state officials or bodies, both within central and regional officials or institutions. The courts also hear cases which include civil servants against their superiors of the internal bureaucracy of the government itself.
== National Bank of Phoenixia ==
The Reserve Bank of Phoenixia (RBP; ''luMonaat luMarkaz aFanaak'') is the central bank of the Federal Republic of Phoenixia. Its mission is to keep the Phoenixian financial system stable. It administers the circulation of money, implements monetary policy, advises the government and reports to Parliament. However, it operates independently of other national government agencies. It is supervised by the Supervisory Board, which includes a Chairman along with seven members. The Phoenixian Bank is headed by the Reserve Bank Governor (''muMeer''), recommended by the Supervisory Board (''luLajna luRaqaba'') and appointed by the Federal President for a five-year term, but no more than one consecutive term. The Governor is also the Chairman of the Executive Committee, which is responsible for planning and organizing the institution's work. The Reserve is governed by strict confidentiality rules regarding banking secrets.
The Phoenixia Federal Census Bureau (PFCB), officially the Bureau of the Census, responsible for producing data about the Phoenixian people and economy. The Census Bureau is part of the Phoenixian Ministry of Commerce and its director is appointed by the Federal President. The bureau's various censuses and surveys help allocate over $230 billion in federal funds every year and it assists states, local communities, and businesses make informed decisions. The information provided by the census informs decisions on where to build and maintain schools, hospitals, transportation infrastructure, and police and fire departments. In addition to the decennial census, the Census Bureau continually conducts over 130 surveys and programs a year, including the Ethnic Community Survey, the Phoenixian Economic Census, and the Current Population Survey. The Bluckingham Information Point is the service centre of the Federal Office in the Phoexy capital and provides information and advisory services for the Federal Government, other federal authorities, embassies, industry and public, associations and all those who are interested in official statistics
=== Phoenixian Food Agency ===
The Phoenixian Food Agency is a regulatory agency that is dedicated to the safeguarding of food, plants, animals and drinking water, that answers to the Ministry of Agriculture. It has the task of protecting consumer interest by working for safe food of good quality, fair practices in the food trade, and healthy eating habits. Ensuring food produced, distributed or marketed in Phoenixia complies with food safety and hygiene standards, best practice codes and legal requirements.
The work of PFA covers all matters with a direct or indirect impact on food and feed safety, including animal health and welfare, plant protection and plant health and nutrition.
=== Federal Department of Medicine ===
The Federal Department of Medicine (FDoM) is a regulatory and autonomous agency of the Government of Phoenixia that acts as the highest sanitary authority in the country in terms of medical safety on medicines, health products, cosmetics and personal care products. It's authorized to make binding regulations growing out of health reform bills passed by lawmakers, along with routine decisions regarding healthcare in Phoenixia. Although the committee is not a subordinate agency and is independent of the Ministry of Health, government officials are responsible for exercising legal supervision over the department's decisions and guidelines. As a supreme decision-making body, the Department exerts a direct influence on the healthcare provisions for millions of people.
=== National Health Study Center ===
National Health Study Center (NHSC) is a Phoenixian public institution that, as the leading technical-scientific body of the Phoenixian National Health Service, performs research, trials, control, counseling, documentation and training for public health. The NHSC is also responsible for assessing the quality and efficiency of medical treatments, including drugs, non-drug interventions (e.g. surgical procedures), diagnostic and screening methods, and treatment and disease management. NHSC supplies health information to patients and the general public. The organization is independent of the pharmaceutical industry, contracted solely by the Federal Ministry of Health and the FDoM.
'''Department of National Security'''
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== Parties ==
The Labor Movement continues to be the political arm of the Phoenixian union and seeks to represent the interests of workers in the Landsraad and locally. Led by syndicalist Renato Raffaele, it is the largest parliamentary party, with over 200 seats. It is a member of the Socialist International.
'''Greens'''
The Greens (''meTaboonishme''), formed in 1980 by the merger of two state parties, the Union of the Greens and the Green Confederations, was a center-left ecological party. In addition to environmental issues such as protecting the environment, the Greens also fight for the rights of minorities and support socio-ecological tax reform. Their stated goal is to ensure that Phoenixia's development is environmentally friendly, sustainable, politically stable and economically efficient. Their core values are: direct democracy, nonviolence, ecology, solidarity, feminism and self-determination. in 2020 it merged with the Lbor Movement creating Labor Movement - Future.
'''
'''National Alliance (''luKabal luDomin'')''' it is a far-right nationalist populist party. Founded in the 1950s by a former unionist regime officer, Michel De Pedro. It is the largest conservative party in Phoenixia.
It is an anti-immigration party, which advocates significant cuts in legal immigration and Phoexy's identity protection. It also supports economic interventionism and Phoenixian protectionism, and its economic and social policies are often classified as left-wing. He was accused of hatred and xenophobia.
Since 2019 Luca Amedeo has been general secretary of the National Alliance, a very controversial figure due to his illiberal positions. In the Landsraad it is the main opposition party with 140 seats. in 2021 the party has been accused of receiving funding from the tycoon Feriki, owner of Feriki Holding.
'''Siinkar Herad'''
'''Northern Federation'''
'''MeJidhir'''
{| class="wikitable"
|+Parties in Landsraad
!Name
!Ideology
!Leader
!Seats
!Government
|-
| Labor Movement
| Social Democracy
| Renato Raffaele
| 280
| Coalition
|-
| AluUma
| Paxist progressivism
| Zulayka Wasool
| 124
| Coalition
|-
| National Alliance
| Phoenixian Nationalism
| Luca Amedeo
| 120
| Opposition
|-
| Siinkar Herad
| Siinkarism
| Seadh J. Teurgn
| 60
| External support
|-
| Northern Federation
| Valerijk regionalism
| Martien Souverijn
| 30
| Opposition
|-
| MeJidhir
| Paxist conservatism
| Kelad Munahed
| 16
| Opposition
|}
== Economy ==
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=== Private companies ===
==== Ayog ====
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==== Medium ====
Medium is a global fintech company founded in [[Phoenixia]] to provide banking and financial services to international tech businesses. It operates through three offices located in Phoenixia, [[Norgsveldet]] and [[Peragen]].
The company has more than 4,000 employees, most of them working at the headquarters in Bluckingham and Arsal. In 2018, the company handled about $35 billion in online sales. As of 2020, about 40% of all e-commerce sales in Phoenixia went through Medium. In 2021, the company has a 3,64 billion PXD valuation.
==== Matango ====
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Since 2021 it has become an official sponsor of the [[Grand Prix of Music]] and the new Matango Trials section, where young artists and rookie bands make their debut.
==== Melon ====
Melon is a Phoexy company operating in the telecommunications sector, it was born in 2013 after the spin-off from PhoxCom.
Melon, is the second Phoenixian telecommunications operator with a quotal of 15% of the market, preceded by Verde Telecom which holds a share of approximately 23,8%.
==== Motion Pictures ====
{{Main|Motion Pictures}}
Motion Pictures Corporation is a Phoexy-based motion picture production and distribution company, subsidiary of the Ars Global group. Motion is one of the few surviving studios among those born in the silent era.
Motion Pictures became famous in 1954 for the Film [[Valor Wings]], based on the novel of the same name written by [[Matthew Fox]].
==== News Buffet ====
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Since 2013, Joseph Corrado has served as editor-in-chief. The Ars Global group is the main shareholder with a 43.9% stake, followed by Feriki Holdings with 12% and VerSociety with 4.7%.
==== Petragon Corp ====
Petragon Corporation is a Phoexy electronics manufacturing company that mainly develops computing, communications and consumer electronics for branded vendors. It also develops, designs and manufactures computer peripherals and components. Petragon's primary products include notebooks, netbook computers, desktop computers, game consoles, handheld devices, motherboards, video cards and LCD TVs, as well as broadband communication products such as smartphones, set-top boxes and cable modems.
==== SpringHill Publishing ====
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As of 2016, SpringHill the was third largest publisher in Phoenixia publishing over 2,000 titles annually under 20 different imprints.
==== Verde Telecom ====
Verde Telecom (commonly known as Verde) is a Phoexy multinational telecommunications and mass media company with official headquarters in Belporto, founded and headed by the Phoexy billionaire businessman Fred Feriki, and the largest telecoms company in Phoenixia with a market share of 23,8%.
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