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Line 14: The [[Zubraynite dynasty]] was deposed by the [[Demirite dynasty]] (originating from [[Fidakar]] and led by [[Saidun the Conqueror]]) in the 17th century CE, which established overseas territorial holdings which today comprise [[Commonwealth of Albanares\|Albanares]], [[Sorentavia]], [[Hadena]] and [[North Crencello]]. Inspired by the ideals of [[Nikobar Luden]], the [[Demirite dynasty]] was deposed by the [[Packilvanian Communist Party]] led by [[Gideon Muktan]] in 1918 following the [[Great War]] and botched personal union with [[Great Morstaybishlia]] under [[Zerah Demir IV]]. Originating from [[Ukanar]] and led by Sultan [[Amhoud I]], the [[Bedonite dynasty]] (at the head of [[Carriers of Mercy]]) deposed the [[Specism\|specist]] Communist regime in 1985, reestablished a theocratic absolute monarchy under the [[Sultan of Packilvania]] (currently [[Thumim V]] aided by the [[Prime Minister of Packilvania\|Prime Minister]] and to be succeeded by the [[Crown Prince of Packilvania\|Crown Prince]]), entered into a personal union with [[Drakkengard]] known as [[Pax-Draconica]] and [[Tasselvalta War\|annexed Tasselvalta in 2010]]. Comprised of [[Administrative divisions of Packilvania\|9 provinces]] and [[Antimovo & Samokov\|1 overseas territory]], it spans an area of over 6.134 million km² (approximately 2.372 million miles²), it is the ~~second~~ largest country in the world ~~by total land area after [[South Hills]] and before [[Great Morstaybishlia]] and the largest by contiguous landmass, followed only by [[South Hills]]~~. The [[geography of Packilvania]] spans 4 [[W:Timezone\|timezones]] (+3 to +6 [[Christie Island\|UTC]]) and 12 climatic zones including the largest hot and cold deserts contained within a single country, giving rise to such a wide variety of biological diversity that Packilvania is considered a [[W:Megadiverse country\|megadiverse country]]. However, it is prone to natural disasters such as urthquakes, drought and monsoons and faces ecological degradation due to deforestation and pollution. Today, Packilvania is a newly industrialised emerging market (as per the [[Packilvanian Development Index]]) and a developing nation (according to the [[Auroran Monetary Fund]]) that is the [[List of countries by GDP (nominal)\|3rd largest economy in the world by nominal GDP]], the largest by PPP GDP and the [[Packilvanian dinar]] is a [[Reserve currency\|world reserve currency]]. Coupled with the fact that it is a [[nuclear weapons state]], and its military, the [[Packilvanian Armed Forces]], has the [[List of countries by military expenditure\|third largest military budget]] and [[List of countries by number of military personnel\|third highest number of military personnel]] in the world, it is considered a [[W:Superpower\|superpower]]. Nevertheless, the [[foreign relations of Packilvania]] remain fraught (despite being part of the [[International Forum]]) partly due to ideological differences and the support of terrorists by the [[Packilvanian Expeditionary Force]]. Under [[Intelligence agencies of Packilvania\|several intelligence agencies]], it is [[Surveillance and censorship in Packilvania\|one of the most heavily surveilled countries in the world]], in part giving rise to a comparably poor [[Sapient rights in Packilvania\|sentient rights record]] with the country [[Freedom in the World\|ranked among the least free in the world]]. Despite possessing a nominally independent [[Judiciary of Packilvania\|judiciary]] and [[Parliament of Packilvania\|Parliament]], the [[Sultan of Packilvania\|Sultan]] and [[Council of Ministers of Packilvania\|Council of Ministers]] control the state and the [[law of Packilvania]] represses political opposition. With a population of over 1.1 billion people, it is the [[List of countries by population\|most populous]], [[Religion in Packilvania\|religiously diverse]] and ethnically diverse nations in the world (despite being majority inhabited by [[Packilvanian]] speaking [[Feline\|Felines]]) and its [[Cities of Packilvania\|largest city]], [[Bingol]], is the second largest metropolitan area and third [[International Financial Centres Index\|alpha world finance centre]] after [[Sani Bursil]], and [[Kemer]] is a [[International Technology Centres Index\|major global tech hub]]. Line 110: ==Politics== {{Main\|Politics of Packilvania\|\|}}~~{{Multiple image~~ {{Multiple image \| total_width = ~~400~~200 \| image1 = Prince Thumim Bedon.jpg \| caption1 = His Imperial and Royal Majesty, Sultan-King [[Thumim V]] of Packilvania and [[Drakkengard]] Line 120 ⟶ 121: \| align = left }} The politics of Packilvania take place in the framework of a nominally theocratic constitutional hereditary monarchy. Although the Constitution of Packilvania ([[Packilvanian language\|Packilvanian]]: ''LuKhanongur a-Bakhilfaniya'') sets out the structure of the government, in reality it grants the [[Sultan of Packilvania]] supreme legal authority. As such, the Sultan of Packilvania is currently [[Thumim V]], who succeeded [[Namdun III]] on 24 December 2022. At the end of the Second Packilvanian Civil War in 1985, senior leaders of the [[Packilvanian Communist Party]] signed an armistice with the [[Carriers of Mercy]]. Although the party and the Carriers were dissolved and formal political control was ceded to the [[Bedonite dynasty]], many Communist bureaucrats and politicians were granted amnesty and allowed to remain in the Civil Service and [[Packilvanian Armed Forces\|Military]] and the Carriers were replaced by the [[Association of the Friends and Veterans of the Carriers of Mercy]]. This precipitated a situation whereby the [[Bedonite dynasty]] has shared power with other state institutions. Nevertheless Princes of the Bedonite dynasty were appointed to important political positions to enable them to have ultimate control of the country and political system. The politics of Packilvania take place in the framework of a devolved theocratic authoritarian dictatorship under a constitutional monarchy. The Constitution of Packilvania is the founding law of the modern state and was passed by the Constituent Assembly in 1985 following the end of the [[Second Packilvanian Civil War]], which consisted of representatives of the [[Packilvanian Communist Party]] and the [[Carriers of Mercy]]. It provided for a three branch government under the control of the [[Sultan of Packilvania]] and by extension the [[Bedonite dynasty]] and underpinned by [[Paxism]] as taught by the [[Magisterium of Paxism]] as follows: The Bedonite dynasty also retained many policies and institutions created by the Communist Party. For instance, they retained the inquisitorial criminal justice system and the [[Law of Packilvania#Criminal procedure\|Procuratorate]] on which it was built. Despite some privatisation and providing for the formation of privately-owned for-profit companies, the state retains considerable economic control through large state-owned corporations and continues to direct government policies through 5 year plans. * [[W:Legislature\|Legislative branch]]: [[Parliament of Packilvania]] consists of the appointed upper house with all the political power, the Legislative Council, and the lower house selected by lottery, the Consultative Assembly. * [[W:Executive\|Executive branch]]: The [[Council of Ministers of Packilvania]] composed of the [[Prime Minister of Packilvania]] as the chair thereof and the Ministers of the Crown who head executive departments * [[Judiciary of Packilvania\|Judiciary]]: The [[Supreme Court of Packilvania]], as chaired by the [[Chief Justice of Packilvania]], and other courts. The reigning Sultan is [[Thumim V]], the [[List of Packilvanian heads of state\|4th monarch since the end of Communist rule]]. He succeeded [[Namdun III]], his father, in 2021 and was [[Coronation and Wedding of Thumim V and Saga of Tynam\|crowned in January 2022]]. His consort is the [[Sultana of Packilvania]], [[Saga of Tynam]]. The heir presumptive is [[Prince Abuyin]] however due to a ruling by the [[Council of State]] (which settles succession disputes), the position of the [[Crown Prince of Packilvania]] is currently vacant. Succession is by [[W:Agnatic primogeniture\|agnatic primogeniture]]. His official residence is the [[Bingol Royal Palace]], a [[ICHO\|world heritage site]]. The incumbent Prime Minister is [[Prince Luwadeen]] who was appointed by Namdun III in 2011. The executive branch comprises the [[Council of Ministers of Packilvania]]. Government ministers control various elements of state policy. The [[Prime Minister of Packilvania]], currently [[Prince Luwadeen]] is the head of government. The Council of Ministers proposes and executes legislation and oversees the running of the country. Through legislation, Ministers have the power to issue regulations and directives. Ministers are appointed by the Sultan at his pleasure. Under [[Prince Luwadeen]] and [[Thumim V]], the Council of Ministers has enforced a campaign of modernisation, political consolidation and limited liberalisation. The Legislative Council (based at the [[Palace of Parliament]]) passes all the laws which must receive the [[Royal assent\|Sultan's imperial assent]], and consists of representatives of various spheres of government, [[Priesthood of Paxism\|clergy]], [[Packilvanian Armed Forces\|military]] and royal family, while the Consultative Assembly meets once a year for two weeks to hear the State of the Empire Address from the Prime Minister and consists of everyday citizens chosen by lots. Although the Parliament is the highest law-making body, almost all laws are proposed by the executive branch and there are no elections at national level. While the country has a [[Nobility of Packilvania\|system of titled peerage]], it does not play a formal role in the government. The [[Provinces of Packilvania\|provinces]] have been delegated substantial legislative and administrative autonomy. The legislative branch of Packilvania consists of the [[Parliament of Packilvania]]. The Parliament is a bicameral body that consists of the Consultative Assembly and the Legislative Council and together with the Sultan administers the [[legislative process of Packilvania]]. The Legislative Council is the upper house. It consists of approximately 200 to 300 members. It is responsible for scrutinizing legislative proposals and making recommendations. Its members are appointed directly by the Sultan as he sees fit. The members of the Legislative Council are usually the most powerful and influential political figures in the country, and it mostly consists of Princes, clergymen and senior former members of the [[Carriers of Mercy]]. As such, the Legislative Council has significant influence over legislation. In contrast, the Consultative Assembly is a body of 3,000 to 5,000 members who debate important national issues, listen to the State of the Empire address and votes on the annual budget. It meets once a year and consists of a spectrum of representatives from all corners of life. Although ''de jure'' appointed by the Sultan, its members are selected from specific groups and hold their seats ''ex officio''. There are no elections at national level and political parties are banned. The country has an independent judiciary, with Farmahad Wasoon as the incumbent Chief Justice and head of the judicial branch. [[Law enforcement in Packilvania]] is handled at various levels and the country maintains an [[Imperial Procuratorate\|inquisitorial criminal justice system]]. Packilvania has a notably poor [[Sapient rights in Packilvania\|sapient rights record]], ranking poorly in the [[Freedom of the World]] index due to lack of electoral democracy at the national level (notably the ban on political parties), suppression of political dissent (especially through [[Surveillance and censorship in Packilvania\|surveillance and censorship]], and lackadaisical protection of sapient rights, and is accused of political and military interventionism e.g., through the [[Packilvanian Expeditionary Force]]. Nevertheless, it remains globally influential, having served on the Security Council of the [[International Forum]]. When the [[Packilvanian Communist Party]] was dissolved, [[Paxism]] resumed its status as the official religion of Packilvania and the [[Magisterium of Paxism]] was given an official role in daily life. Most of its activities relate to social and religious matters, but it has a persuasive voice in the political system. The [[Supreme Magister]] of Paxism, currently [[Tawak Mudawaheen]], is the symbolic head of Paxism on Urth, and enjoys the ear of the sovereign. The Sultan is required to be a Paxist and to uphold Paxism, as such Paxist religious dogma permeates the legislative process. When the monarchy was restored, so too was the [[nobility of Packilvania]] restored. Old aristocratic families were restored to their titles and new titles can be created by the sovereign. Despite enjoying social and ceremonial privileges, they have no direct role in politics. The [[Bedonite dynasty]] preserved the decentralised system of government of the PCP, as such the central government delegates considerable legislative and executive authority to [[Administrative divisions of Packilvania\|provincial, regional and local political authorities]]. ===Judiciary and laws=== Line 316 ⟶ 317: The Department of Defence (which oversees and administers the [[Packilvanian Armed Forces]]) has often been a driver of scientific research for military applications which have often fed into industrial and commercial applications. [[Universities in Packilvania]] produce highly skilled scientists and engineers. The country has been a leading source of scientific and industrial research and development despite being a developing country. Nevertheless, there are areas in which Packilvania lags behind larger and more developed economies such as [[Great Morstaybishlia]] and [[South Hills]]. Despite having the third largest nominal expenditure on research and development, per capita expenditure is only slightly above average. The [[Space Agency of Packilvania]] (''luAjhensia aluHiva aBakhilfaniya'') is responsible for overseeing the terrestrial and extraterrestrial telescope infrastructure of the country. Packilvania is one of the few countries capable of launching vehicles into space and often leases its space ports in [[Antimovo & Samokov]] to foreign nations. Furthermore, the country has contributed to international space research programs. The Atomic Research Agency of Packilvania (''luAjhensia aluBahath aleDharat aBakhilfaniya'') is the government agency in charge of civilian nuclear research and some of its programs include maintaining one of the largest particle colliders in the world, the [[Sultan Namdun III Particle Accelerator]]. The country is also home to some of the most powerful supercomputers in the world and it has made quantum computing, simulation and measurement, priorities for its forthcoming five-year plans. Packilvania has also extensively contributed to research and development in biology. This includes the development of pesticides, herbicides, fertilisers and irrigation techniques, genetically modified crops, vaccines, and cancer research. The [[Fidal Prize]] for Mathematics awards the most accomplished mathematicians with special attention paid to people who can solve the so called [[w:Millennium problems\|Millennium Problems]]. The [[Shameel Prize]] in Chemistry, Engineering and Computer Sciences is also a highly prestigious prize for the recognition of scientific achievements. Line 640 ⟶ 641: \| perrow = 2/1 }} Packilvania has a rich gastronomic heritage that spans thousands of years. Packilvanian cuisine is characterized by spicy ~~and meaty~~ food. The national plant is the [[Pax Fruit]] and the [[W:Potato\|tubers of the Pax Fruit]] are the national staple food of Packilvania. The country is the core producer of spices such as [[W:Nutmeg\|nutmeg]], [[W:Cinnamon\|cinnamon]], [[W:Cardamom\|cardamom]], [[W:Aniseed\|aniseed]], [[W:Saffron\|saffron]] and so on, so it naturally has incorporated spices into its cooking including desert. Absar is a spicy paste made from vegetables, animal fat and spices that has spawned many variations such bovril. The country has also produced relishes and garnishes such as [[W:Atchaar\|Packilvanian pickles]] which is made from raw unripe mango and spices, but vegetables have also been used. The [[W:Chakalaka\|Packilvanian salad]] made from vegetables and spices especially beans and carrots are also renowned. The country is the home of the [[W:Fruit chutney\|Packilvanian chutney]], a sauce made from fruits such as peaches and coconut which has a tangy taste. Among the famous meat dishes are [[W:Butter chicken\|Packilvanian chicken]] which is chicken marinated in yogurt, cooked with butter and seasoned with a variety of spices. Another is the [[W:Roti\|fodok]] which is a wheat or rice-based wrap stuffed with strips of meat. Even the seafood is acclaimed, with the kidjar crab made from a fattened crab, deep fried and garnished with a variety of seasonings. People in Pax also enjoy drinking [[W:Amasi\|Packilvanian buttermilk]]. The country also excels in beverages, home to spicy teas such as saffron tea. People also enjoying a drink of coffee while smoking from a large vessel called [[W:Hashish\|shisha]] which people enjoy with a little [[W:Catnip\|catnip]]. [[W:Arabica coffee\|Packilvanian coffee]] is known for its rich aroma and strong taste. Spices are also used in sweet treats such [[W:ladoo\|Packilvanian sweet meat]] which is made from condensed milk, flour, cardomom and fried. The country also originated the [[W:Turkish delights\|Packilvanian delights]] which are made from starch and gelatine and are regarded as the modern ancestor of the jelly bean. Among the sweet foods, caek is regarded as the greatest of all and is the national food of Packilvania. The [[W:Boerewors\|Packilvanian sausage]] is a type of sausage made from a mix of beef and pork that is usually grilled. The country enjoys a strong culture of restaurants and small eateries especially in the underground and covered markets which facilitate socializing and expose one to a diverse range of food.