Kuduk Language: Difference between revisions
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| nativename = [[File:Kuduk Text White 4.png|35px]], ''Tanatōxa''
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| dia2 = Chóokaneidi
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Kuduk used to be considered a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_isolate language isolate], but has since been reclassified from a sole language to the Kuduk Language Family which encompasses the several dialects spoken in Kuduk. Although the spoken varieties of Kuduk are usually considered by native speakers to be dialects of a single language, their lack of mutual intelligibility means they are sometimes considered to be separate languages in a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language_family family]. Investigation of the historical relationships among the varieties of Kuduk is ongoing.
== History ==
=== Ancient and Old Kuduk ===
=== Classical Kuduk and Literary Forms ===
=== Modern Kuduk ===
== Varieties ==
[[File:Kuduk Language Map.jpeg|250px|thumb|upright|Range of Kuduk dialect groups in Kuduk]]
It is estimated that there are at least 6 major varieties of Kuduk. These dialects form a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialect_continuum dialect continuum], in which differences in speech generally become more pronounced with greater distance. Generally, smaller clusters of tribes such as the Eastern Woodland Tribes and the Southern Heiki Tribes exhibit a larger frequency of differing dialects. The cities, although not officially given a dialectical category, also have a distinct form of speech of their own that usually differs from its tribe. An example would be [[Naryan]], a city with a specific dialect apart from the [[Manirak|Manirak Tribe]] that employs the heavy use of foreign loanwords.
=== Grouping ===
{{pie chart
| caption = Proportions of first-language speakers
| label1 = Háaka | color1 = #a78967 | value1 = 44.5
| label2 = Heitsuk | color2 = #f6da98 | value2 = 16.4
| label3 = Chóokaneidi | color3 = #8d6766 | value3 = 11.3
| label4 = Xunáa | color4 = #b5b9d2 | value4 = 10.5
| label5 = Huaduk | color5 = #a7ad8b | value5 = 7.2
| label6 = Haichuk | color6 = #faf5cb | value6 = 5.5
| label7 = Others | color7 = #999999 | value7 = 4.6
| label8 =
| label9 =
| label10 =
| others = yes
}}
Modern varieties of Kuduk are conventionally classified into six dialect groups, largely on the basis of the different evolution of Classical Kuduk:
* Háaka, including Modern Standard Kuduk, Naryanese, and Ayankese
* Heitsuk
* Chóokaneidi, including Codese and Ichinese
* Xunáa
* Huaduk
* Haichuk
Háaka and Modern Standard Kuduk are terms that are often used interchangeably in speech, but there is a distinction between the two. Háaka is a term used to describe all of the new-age dialects of Kuduk, including both Modern Standard Kuduk as well as the city-based dialects. MSK on the other hand refers to a specific dialect of Kuduk created in 1870 with the express purpose of helping the [[Tribes of Kuduk]] unite politically by linguistically uniting the country. Because of this, education in Kuduk employs a mandatory course in MSK for its students.
=== Modern Standard Kuduk ===
== Phonology ==
=== Vowels ===
=== Consonants ===
== Grammar ==
== Vocabulary ==
=== Loanwords ===
== Writing Systems ==
=== Tano ===
=== Takara ===
== Common Phrases ==
[[Category:Kuduk]]
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