Agreements and acts of the UNAC: Difference between revisions

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[[Category:UNAC]] [[Category:Oan's links]] [[Category:List Article]]
[[File:UNACflag.jpg|thumb|Flaglag of the [[United Nations of the Auroran Continent]] since 2017]]
The [[agreements and acts of the UNAC]] (the [[United Nations of the Auroran Continent]]) refer to the multilareral treaties orchestrated under the UNAC umbrella as well as statutes passed by the [[Auroran Parliament]] and the [[Council of the UNAC]]. Together, they form part of [[Auroran law]], alongside case law of the [[Auroran Court of Justice]]. Some of the agreements were formed under the [[Auroran Continental Assembly]] and the [[Auroran Union]] and brought subsumed under the UNAC.
 
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===Free Travel Agreement===
This agreement requires that member states issue a common Auroran passport. This agreement stipulates that member statescitizens of participating nations should not require a visa to travel to other participating states. The arrangement also entails that citizens of countries that are not participating states canmust issuebe issued a common visa by the participating country which is their point of entry that allows them access to the other participating states. Participating states agree to remove internal border checks. They also agree to gavehave robust travel checks for citizens originating from outside of participating statesstatat their first point of entry es as well as between themselves and non-participating states where they maintain a land or maritime border with a non-participating state.
 
===Customs Union Agreement===
Participating states agree to levy a common external tariff on goods and services originating outside of the customs union. Customs on goods and services originating outside of participating states are collected by the customs service of each member state. Participating states must participate in the free trade area to be eligible to participate in the customs union. Countries agree to share the revenues from income from customs duties among each other according to a predetermined formula.
 
===Free Labour Agreement===
The free labour agreement stipulates that participating states will remove all barriers to citizens from other participating states working in their country. Although memberparticipating statedstates are allowed to implement affirmative action policies, these policies should not be to the arbitrary exclusion of citizens from other memberparticipating states. Participating states must also participate in the free travel agreement to join the free labour agreement. Where a citizen of a participating state is employed as a full time worker in another state, they can register as a tax resident in that country.
 
=== Free Capital Agreement ===
The free capital agreement allows institutional and retail investors to invest freely in other nations. This means that for the purpose of purchasing investment products such as retirement annuities and unit trusts without onerous reporting obligations over and above those from their own countries. Investors are also allowed to buy equities in companies in any participating state. It also allows investors from any participating states to freely purchase bonds issued in another participating states. Participating nations also agree to remove restrictions on the repatriation of dividends, and income between them. Members agree to implement minimum standards to prevent terrorist financing, money laundering, fraud and other financial crimes. For a country to participate, it must have robust financial systems and financial supervisory systems. It must have a well capitalised and well regulated modern financial services sector.
 
=== Common Security Agreement ===
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=== Freedom of Aerial and Maritime Navigation Agreement ===
The participating states agree to allow commercial airliners from other participating states to fly through their airspace without any restrictions that would otherwise not apply to domestic airliners. AirlinersAirline alsoregulators agree to have shared minimum safety standards for airplanesaircraft. Commercial vessels are allowed to moor at the ports of another state as though they were in their own country. Furthermore, all mariners, even those who are not citizens of a participating country, are ableallowed to rest and visit the country at which theytheir moorship moors without the need for a visa. Member states also agree to cooperate on health insurance for mariners.
 
=== Intellectual Property Agreement ===
The member states agree to recognise copyrights, trademarks and patents filed and processed in another participating state as though it were recognised in that state. This means that intellectual property rights are protected by all courts in participating countries. This also means that nationparticipating nations agree to adopt similar minimum standards for the recognition of the novelty of a creation, mark, invention or discovery. They also agree to acknowledge the same period of longevity for the patent, trademark or copyright in question. They agree to adopt similar creative commons standards.
 
=== Common Healthcare Agreement ===
The Common Healthcare Agreement allows citizens of participating states to enjoy the same access to public healthcare as citizens. Participating member states agree to provide prescribed minimum benefits to citizens of participating states. It also allows citizens of participating states to use voluntary medical insurance and schemes from onetheir primary country of employment to cover expenses for medical treatment and procedures not covered under the prescribed minimum benefits. ItSo, alsoit allows migrant labourers from a participating country who are full-time employed in one country to benefit from the same healthcare schemes as workers who are citizens of that country. The Auroran Medical Agency is responsible for coordinating the implementation of this agreement. A participating state must be able and willing to offer prescribed minimum medical benefits to their own citizens as well as to citizens of other participating nations at its own cost. Member states must have healthcare infrastructure of comparable quality.
 
=== Common Agricultural Agreement ===
Participating states agree to coordinate and cooperate on common health, phytosanitary, food safety and environment standards for the agricultural and agro-processing sector. The agreement puts in place measures to prevent and mitigate the effects of invasive species from disrupting ecosystems. The policy sets up a fund to which member states make contributions. The fund distributes the funds to subsidisingsubsidise agriculture in participating states. The agreement aims to also provide a widely accepted mark for foods originated from particular regions to prevent and mitigate imitation products, especially in the areas of wine and cheese.
 
=== Protection of Cultural Heritage Agreement ===
Member states agree to return artefacts of cultural significance that are illegally taken and smuggled from another participating state to bethe repatriatedparticupating tostate thatfrom statewhich they originated. It also facilitates mechanisms for the recognition and protection of historically and nationally significant artefacts and intangible national treasures across the participating countries. It ensures the enforceability of the rights of minority communities with respect to cultural heritage to the extent provided in laws published by participating governments and the UNAC under the terms of the agreement.
 
=== Data Protection Agreement ===
The data privacy protection agreement allows memberparticipating states to impose fines on companies of a certain size and operating in certain sectors that fail to implement data privacy regulations set up under the act. Participating states agree to enforce similar standards for data privacy. This involves standards on how data is managed and disposed of. This entitles users to access their data and request that it is expunged from the servers of the provider to the extent allowed by the law. The agreement also allows member states to create common standards for the transfer of data across borders and the sale and sharing of user data to third parties.
 
=== Common Refugee Policy ===
The Common Refugee Policy aims to coordinate and manage the influx of persons facing persecution and/or displaced from their own countries largely due to natural disasters and ongoing armed conflict. The policy acknowledges the fact that as a prosperous part of the world, the UNAC is likely to attract refugees from outside of the UNAC. But it also acknowledges that member states may also be faced with refugee crises. As such it aims to create a mechanism for sharing responsibility for housing refugees and on the integration or repatriation of refugees once the conflict or natural disaster has passed.
=== Common Fishing Agreement ===
The Common Fishing Agreement allows fisheries of participating states to fish in the territorial waters of participating states. It also allows participating states to define and protect a schedule of animals from being caught. It also allows participating states to have common standards for the lines and nets that can be used. It allows participating states to coordinate the permissible fishing seasons for an area as well as competition among fisheries for marine life. It allows participating states to develop a common framework for mitigating and prevent poaching and overfishing.
=== Interstate Transport Agreement ===
Participating states agree to pool resources in a fund toward building transport infrastructure to connect them. They also agree to coordinate the construction of interstate transport infrastructure at a supranational level. Participating states agree to pursue common standards for road signage (building largely on the guidelines of the [[Nuvrenon Convention]]), interstate highway design, and trains, railway tracks, gauges and stations. Participating states also agree not to impose arbitrary or pseudo border checks on shared infrastructure except where permitted by another agreement or act, e.g., the Common Agricultural Policy. They also agree to acknowledge driving licenses from other participating states for the duration of their validity and to transition towards driving on the same side of the road.
 
== Agreement participation by state ==
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!Agreement
!{{Flagcountry|The Oan Isles|name=Oan IslesOAN}}
!{{Flagcountry|TivotTVT|name=TVT}}
!{{Flagcountry|Tuvaltastan|name=TUV}}
![[File:Nolovaflag.png|frameless|25x25px]] [[Nolova|NLV]]
!{{Flagcountry|Great Morstaybishlia|name=MBE}}
!{{Flagcountry|North Ethalria|name=NET}}
!{{Flagcountry|Faethalria|name=FTH}}
![[File:Flag of the Constitutional State of the Andorinhões.svg|frameless|25x25px]] [[The Andorinhões|AndorinhõesAND]]
![[File:Asilica flag.png|frameless|25x25px]] [[Asilica|ASC]]
![[File:Axdel Flag.png|frameless|25x25px]] [[Axdel|AXD]]
![[File:Yellow Lily Flag 5.png|alt=|frameless|25x25px]] [[Blueacia|BLC]]
![[File:Durentria flagDrakaland.png|frameless|25x25px]] [[DurentriaDrakaland|DRL]]
![[File:EmberwoodCoastFlag.jpg|frameless|25x25px]] [[Emberwood Coast|EMC]]
!{{Flagicon image|K'undzeti Flag.png}}[[K'undzeti|KZT]]
![[File:ValericaFlag1.jpg|frameless|25x25px]] [[Valerica]]
!{{Flagcountry|Oscrelia|name=OSC}}
!{{Flagicon image|Kéya Flag.svg}}[[Kéya|KYA]]
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|Free Trade Agreement
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|Free Travel Agreement
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|Customs Union Agreement
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|Free Labour Agreement
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|Free Capital Agreement
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|Common Security Agreement
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|Freedom of Aerial and Maritime Navigation Agreement
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|Intellectual Property Agreement
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|Common Healthcare Agreement
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|Data Privacy Protection Agreement
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|Common Agricultural Agreement
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== Acts of the UNAC ==
 
=== Security and Extraordinary Acts ===
Acts of the UNAC are passed by the [[Auroran Parliament]] and/or the [[Council of the UNAC]] as follows:
 
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* ''Act to Admit the Republic of [[North Ethalria]] into the United Nations of the Auroran Continent''
* ''Act to Admit the Republic of [[The Andorinhões]] into the United Nations of the Auroran Continent''
* ''Act to Terminate the Membership of the Confederation of [[Kostromastan]] from the United Nations of the Auroran Continent''
* ''Act to Admit the Republic of [[Nolova]] into the United Nations of the Auroran Continent''
* ''Act to Authorise the [[Auroran Monetary Fund]] to Provide a Financial Package for the Humanitarian Aid and Reconstruction of the Republic of [[Asilica]]''
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* ''Act to Suspend the Observership of the Republic of [[Nilovia]] from the United Nations of the Auroran Continent''
* ''Act to Recognise the Founding of the United Nations of the Auroran Continent as a Public Holiday''
* ''Act to Authorise the Republic of [[Oscrelia]] and the United Kingdom of [[Great Morstaybishlia]] and [[JustelvardJusdelva]] to Militarilymilitarily Occupyoccupy the Republic of [[BaykaliaBiramura]]''
* ''Act to Admit the Republic of [[Kéya]] into the United Nations of the Auroran Continent''
* ''Act to Enter Negotiations with the Imperial Realm of [[Norgsveldet]] Pertaining to its Military Activities in the Crown Jarldom of [[Vakrestrender]]''
* ''Act to Impose Sanctions ofon the RepublicAkuan State of [[Nystatiszna]] for the Violation of the Sapient Rights of its Kemonomimi Population''
* ''Act to Admit the Independent Commonwealth of [[K'undzeti]] and P'almistrand into the United Nations of the Auroran Continent''
* ''Act to Condemn the 2021 Terrorist Attacks on the Republic of [[Asilica]]''
* ''Act to Admit the Republic of [[Asilica]] into the United Nations of the Auroran Continent''
* ''Act to Condemn the 2021 Terrorist Attacks on the [[Morstaybishlian Empire|Morstaybishlian Overseas Territory]] of [[Joralesia]]''
* ''Act to Condemn the 25 July 2020 Terrorist Attacks on the [[Caltharus|Provinces of Khauser and Barbarus]] in the United Kingdom of [[Great Morstaybishlia]] and [[JustelvardJusdelva]]''
* ''Act to Condemn the 22 August 2020 Terrorist Attacks of the Eastern Provinces of [[Caltharus]] in the in the United Kingdom of [[Great Morstaybishlia]] and [[JustelvardJusdelva]]''
* ''Act to Submit a Complaint to the [[Packilvanian Central Bank]] Concerning its Unfair Manipulation of the Value of the [[Packilvanian dinar|Packilvanian Dinar]]''
 
=== Ordinary Acts ===
In most cases, participating states are permitted to pass laws in addition to those below. The following acts are acts passed to implement the various agreements of the UNAC:
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Act Name
!Act Description
!Applicable Agreement and States
!Responsible Commissioner/Agency
|-
|''Tariff Free Goods Act''
|Gives a list of goods for which member states agree to reduce or eliminate tariffs and to what extent.
|Free Trade Agreement
|Commissioner for Commerce and Competition
|-
|''External Tariff Act''
|Gives a list of the tariffs to be charged on a list of goods from outside of the customs union.
|Custom Union Agreement
|Commissioner for Commerce and Competition
|-
|''Common Customs Sharing Act''
|Sets up a fund with the Auroran Central Bank into customs duties collected by member states are to be paid and provides a formula for the distribution of the proceeds.
|Customs Union Agreement
|Commissioner for Finance
|-
|''Interstate Highway Standards Act''
|Gives a set of guidelines on the shape, size, etc., of interstate highways constructed under the applicable agreement
|Interstate Transport Agreement
|Commissioner for Transportation
|-
|''Interstate Highway Signage Act''
|Gives guidelines on the signage and markings to be used on interstate highways constructed under the applicable agreement
|Interstate Transport Agreement
|Commissioner for Transportation
|-
|''Refugee Allocation Act''
|Gives a formula for how refugees will be distributed
|Common Refugees Agreement
|Commissioner for Social Rights and Equality
|-
|''Refugee Repatriation Act''
|Gives guidelines for the conditions and processes under which refugees will be granted asylum and repatriated outside of the UNAC
|Common Refugees Agreement
|Commissioner for Social Rights and Equality
|-
|''Protected Marine Life Act''
|Gives a list of marine life which are protected from fishing
|Common Fishing Agreement
|Commissioner for Conservation
|-
|''Fishing Nets and Lines Act''
|Gives guidelines on the dimensions of permissible fishing nets and fishing lines for use by commercial fisheries
|Common Fishing Agreement
|Commissioner for Conservation
|-
|''Fishing Quotas Act''
|Sets up quotas on the types and amount of marine life that can be caught
|Common Fishing Agreement
|Commissioner for Conservation
|-
|''Aviation Industry Safety Act''
|Gives guidelines on the safety rules for the aviation industry
|Interstate Transport Agreement and [[the Oan Isles]]
|Commissioner for Transportation
|-
|''Aviation Callsigns Regulation Act''
|Gives guidelines on callsigns for airliners of the aviation industry
|Interstate Transport Agreement and [[the Oan Isles]]
|Commissioner for Transportation
|-
|''Prescribed Minimum Benefits Act''
|Gives a list of the minimum benefits that participating member states must provide to citizens of other participating states
|Common Healthcare Agreement
|Auroran Medical Agency
|-
|''Joint Pharmaceuticals Development Act''
|Sets up a fund and minimum contribution amounts for participating states for subsidizing the joint development of pharmaceuticals. It also sets up a scheme for the sharing of intellectual property from the act.
|Common Healthcare Agreement
|Auroran Medical Agency
|-
|''Epidemic and Pandemic Response Act''
|Puts in a place a "game plan" for response to epidemics and pandemics
|Common Healthcare Agreement
|Auroran Medical Agency
|-
|''Common Patent Guidelines Act''
|Provides guidelines for the recognition of patents
|Common Healthcare Agreement
|Commissioner for Commerce and Competition
|-
|''Financial Crimes Act''
|Sets up minimum financial crimes, disclosure obligations for investors and channels for reporting cross-border financial crimes
|Free Capital Agreement
|Commissioner of Audits and Anti-Fraud
|-
|''Sustainable Investing Disclosures Act''
|Provides binding disclosure requirements on environmental, social and governance matters for large companies
|Free Capital Agreement
|Commissioner for Finance
|-
|''Merchant Vessel Registration Act''
|Provides guidelines on the registration of merchant vessels and regulations for the use of identifying signage and markers such as ensigns
|Interstate Transport Agreement and [[the Oan Isles]]
|Commissioner for Transportation
|-
|''Meat and Dairy Health and Safety Act''
|Gives guidelines on health and safety standards for meat and dairy products
|Common Agriculture Agreement
|Commissioner for Conservation
|-
|''Anti-Piracy and Maritime Kidnapping Act''
|Provides mechanisms for joint cooperation on combating and preventing piracy and maritime kidnapping
|Common Security Agreement
|[[Auroran Security Agency]]
|-
|''Intelligence Sharing Act''
|Sets up a command centre for the sharing of intelligence
|Common Security Agreement
|[[Auroran Security Agency]]
|-
|''Common Visa Act''
|Sets up the Auroran Common Visa scheme for tourists, digital nomads, expatriates and business people coming into the Free Labour Agreement
|Common Security Agreement
|Commissioner for Internal Affairs
|-
|''External Border Act''
|Gives guidelines for managing the border of the Free Travel Area with non-UNAC member states
|Common Security Agreement
|Commissioner for Internal Affairs
|-
|''Stolen Artefacts Repatriation Act''
|Gives guidelines identifying and repatriating stolen and illegally acquired culturally significant artefacts.
|Protection of Cultural Heritage Agreement
|Commissioner for Education, Culture, and Youth
|-
|''Heritage Site Protection Act''
|Sets up a guide for recognising Auroran Heritage Sites and help for nations to apply for [[ICHO]] Global Heritage status
|Protection of Cultural Heritage Agreement
|Commissioner for Education, Culture, and Youth
|}
 
== See also ==